Related papers: Detecting changes in anthropogenic light emissions…
The wavelength dependent refraction of light in the atmosphere causes the chromatic dispersion of a target on the focal plane of an instrument. This is known as atmospheric dispersion, with one of the consequences being wavelength dependent…
Time-dependent and systematic variations in band gain and central frequencies of instruments used to study the Cosmic Microwave Background are important factors in the data-to-map analysis pipeline. If not properly characterized, they could…
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a facility built to detect air showers produced by cosmic rays above 10^17 eV. During clear nights with a low illuminated moon fraction, the UV fluorescence light produced by air showers is recorded by…
A planet's spectrum is dynamic and only represents a time-dependent snapshot of its properties. Changing atmospheric conditions due to climate and weather patterns, particularly variation in cloud cover, can significantly affect the…
In recent years, the climate change research community has become highly interested in describing the anthropogenic influence on extreme weather events, commonly termed "event attribution." Limitations in the observational record and in…
Spectroscopic study of the night sky has been a common way to assess the impacts of artificial light at night at remote astronomical observatories. However, the spectroscopic properties of the urban night sky remain poorly documented. We…
The polarization state of starlight reflected by a planetary atmosphere uniquely reveals coverage, particle size, and composition of aerosols as well as changing cloud patterns. It is not possible to obtain a comparable level of detailed…
The improvements of the observations of the solar system allowed by the use of probes and big instruments let appear several problems: The frequencies of the radio signals received from the probes sent over 5 UA from the Sun are too high;…
A number of brown dwarfs are now known to be variable with observed amplitudes as large as 10-30% at some wavelengths. While spatial inhomogeneities in cloud coverage and thickness are likely responsible for much of the observed…
Fluctuations in the 21cm brightness from cosmic hydrogen at redshifts z > 6 were sourced by the primordial density perturbations from inflation as well as by the radiation from galaxies. We propose a method to separate these components…
Atmospheric optical turbulence seriously limits the performance of high angular resolution instruments. An 8-night campaign of measurements was carried out at the LAMOST site in 2011, to characterize the optical turbulence. Two instruments…
The effect caused by the presence of a number of distinct time scales in a simple stochastic model for the Earth's atmosphere temperature fluctuations is studied. The model is described by a dissipative dynamics consisting of a set of…
Path length changes through the atmosphere cause significant errors for astronomical radio interferometry at high frequencies (e.g. 100 GHz). Path length differences typically give rise to a differential excess path of 1mm for antennas…
Evidence of the negative impact of light pollution on ecosystems is increasing every year. Its monitoring and study requires the identification, characterisation and control of the emitting sources. This is the case of urban centres with…
Interstellar scintillation has been conclusively demonstrated to be the principal cause of the intraday variability (IDV) observed in the centimetre-wavelength emission of many AGN. A few sources show large amplitude modulation in their…
Determining the all-sky radiance distribution produced by artificial light sources is a computationally demanding task that generally requires an intensive calculation load. We develop in this work an analytic formulation that provides the…
Cosmic rays interact with nuclei in the Earth's atmosphere to produce extensive air showers, which give rise to the atmospheric muon flux. Temperature fluctuations in the atmosphere influence the rate of muons measured in deep underground…
The number of satellites on low orbit has dramatically increased over the past years, raising concerns among the astronomical community about their impact on observations. Spectroscopic observations represent a large fraction of…
The ultra-precise photometric space satellite MOST (Microvariability and Oscillations of STars) will provide the first opportunity to measure the albedos and scattered light curves from known short-period extrasolar planets. Due to the…
Fluctuating atmospheric emission is a dominant source of noise for ground-based millimeter-wave observations of the CMB temperature anisotropy at angular scales $\gtrsim 0.5^{\circ}$. We present a model of the atmosphere as a discrete set…