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Accurate beam prediction is essential for mitigating signalling overhead and latency in integrated sensing and communication-enabled massive multi-input multi-output systems. With the aid of multimodal learning, the prediction accuracy can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Zijian Zheng , Wenqiang Yi , Hyundong Shin , Arumugam Nallanathan

Creating a meaningful representation by fusing single modalities (e.g., text, images, or audio) is the core concept of multimodal learning. Although several techniques for building multimodal representations have been proven successful,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Maciej Pawłowski , Anna Wróblewska , Sylwia Sysko-Romańczuk

Missing modalities present a fundamental challenge in multimodal models, often causing catastrophic performance degradation. Our observations suggest that this fragility stems from an imbalanced learning process, where the model develops an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Siqi Lu , Wanying Xu , Yongbin Zheng , Wenting Luan , Peng Sun , Jianhang Yao

Previous research has studied the task of segmenting cinematic videos into scenes and into narrative acts. However, these studies have overlooked the essential task of multimodal alignment and fusion for effectively and efficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Najmeh Sadoughi , Xinyu Li , Avijit Vajpayee , David Fan , Bing Shuai , Hector Santos-Villalobos , Vimal Bhat , Rohith MV

Pre-trained vision language models have shown remarkable performance on visual recognition tasks, but they typically assume the availability of complete multimodal inputs during both training and inference. In real-world scenarios, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shu Zhao , Nilesh Ahuja , Tan Yu , Tianyi Shen , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan

Multi-sensor fusion is central to robust robotic perception, yet most existing systems operate under static sensor configurations, collecting all modalities at fixed rates and fidelity regardless of their situational utility. This rigidity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yanchen Liu , Yuang Fan , Minghui Zhao , Xiaofan Jiang

A unified representation space in multi-modal learning is essential for effectively integrating diverse data sources, such as text, images, and audio, to enhance efficiency and performance across various downstream tasks. Recent binding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Minoh Jeong , Zae Myung Kim , Min Namgung , Dongyeop Kang , Yao-Yi Chiang , Alfred Hero

Multimodal fusion faces two robustness challenges: noisy inputs degrade representation quality, and missing modalities cause prediction failures. We propose DCER, a unified framework addressing both challenges through dual-stage compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yiwen Wang , Jiahao Qin

Many real-world applications require an agent to make robust and deliberate decisions with multimodal information (e.g., robots with multi-sensory inputs). However, it is very challenging to train the agent via reinforcement learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jinming Ma , Feng Wu , Yingfeng Chen , Xianpeng Ji , Yu Ding

While embeddings from multimodal large language models (LLMs) excel as general-purpose representations, their application to dynamic modalities like audio and video remains underexplored. We introduce WAVE (\textbf{u}nified \&…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Changli Tang , Qinfan Xiao , Ke Mei , Tianyi Wang , Fengyun Rao , Chao Zhang

In this paper, we consider the problem of multimodal data analysis with a use case of audiovisual emotion recognition. We propose an architecture capable of learning from raw data and describe three variants of it with distinct modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Kateryna Chumachenko , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Incremental learning aims to enable models to continuously acquire knowledge from evolving data streams while preserving previously learned capabilities. While current research predominantly focuses on unimodal incremental learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yaguang Song , Xiaoshan Yang , Dongmei Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Changsheng Xu

Continual learning focuses on incrementally training a model on a sequence of tasks with the aim of learning new tasks while minimizing performance drop on previous tasks. Existing approaches at the intersection of Continual Learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Malvina Nikandrou , Georgios Pantazopoulos , Ioannis Konstas , Alessandro Suglia

The Audio-Visual Video Parsing task aims to recognize and temporally localize all events occurring in either the audio or visual stream, or both. Capturing accurate event semantics for each audio/visual segment is vital. Prior works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Pengcheng Zhao , Jinxing Zhou , Yang Zhao , Dan Guo , Yanxiang Chen

Making each modality in multi-modal data contribute is of vital importance to learning a versatile multi-modal model. Existing methods, however, are often dominated by one or few of modalities during model training, resulting in sub-optimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yangyang Guo , Liqiang Nie , Harry Cheng , Zhiyong Cheng , Mohan Kankanhalli , Alberto Del Bimbo

Recent technological advancements in multimodal machine learning--including the rise of large language models (LLMs)--have improved our ability to collect, process, and analyze diverse multimodal data such as speech, video, and eye gaze in…

Recent advances in joint audio-video generation have been remarkable, yet real-world applications demand strong per-modality fidelity, cross-modal alignment, and fine-grained synchronization. Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Guohui Zhang , XiaoXiao Ma , Jie Huang , Hang Xu , Hu Yu , Siming Fu , Yuming Li , Zeyue Xue , Lin Song , Haoyang Huang , Nan Duan , Feng Zhao

Multimodal learning often suffers from modality imbalance, where modalities that converge faster dominate optimization while others remain undertrained. Existing approaches typically mitigate this issue by strengthening the weak modality or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaoyu Ma , Weijie Zhang , Yuanhao Gao , Han Miao , Yongjian Deng , Hao Chen

Nowadays, we have witnessed the early progress on learning the association between voice and face automatically, which brings a new wave of studies to the computer vision community. However, most of the prior arts along this line (a) merely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Peisong Wen , Qianqian Xu , Yangbangyan Jiang , Zhiyong Yang , Yuan He , Qingming Huang

Materials science datasets are inherently heterogeneous and are available in different modalities such as characterization spectra, atomic structures, microscopic images, and text-based synthesis conditions. The advancements in multi-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Janghoon Ock , Joseph Montoya , Daniel Schweigert , Linda Hung , Santosh K. Suram , Weike Ye