Related papers: Sample Selection Bias in Machine Learning for Heal…

The uptake of machine learning (ML) approaches in the social and health sciences has been rather slow, and research using ML for social and health research questions remains fragmented. This may be due to the separate development of…

Clinical study populations often differ meaningfully from the broader populations to which results are intended to generalize. Weighting methods such as inverse probability of sampling weights (IPSW) reweight study participants to resemble…

Traditional sources of population data, such as censuses and surveys, are costly, infrequent, and often unavailable in crisis-affected regions. Mobile phone application data offer near real-time, high-resolution insights into population…

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has shown notable potential in relieving the heavy demand of dense prediction tasks on large-scale well-annotated datasets, especially for the challenging multi-organ segmentation (MoS). However, the…

in healthcare. However, the existing AI model may be biased in its decision marking. The bias induced by data itself, such as collecting data in subgroups only, can be mitigated by including more diversified data. Distributed and…

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) commonly exhibits confirmation bias, where models disproportionately favor certain classes, leading to errors in predicted pseudo labels that accumulate under a self-training paradigm. Unlike supervised…

In machine learning, it is commonly assumed that training and test data share the same population distribution. However, this assumption is often violated in practice because the sample selection bias may induce the distribution shift from…

Bias is known to be an impediment to fair decisions in many domains such as human resources, the public sector, health care etc. Recently, hope has been expressed that the use of machine learning methods for taking such decisions would…

Class imbalance in a dataset is one of the major challenges that can significantly impact the performance of machine learning models resulting in biased predictions. Numerous techniques have been proposed to address class imbalanced…

Modern recommender systems often deal with a variety of user interactions, e.g., click, forward, purchase, etc., which requires the underlying recommender engines to fully understand and leverage multi-behavior data from users. Despite…

As machine learning (ML) models gain traction in clinical applications, understanding the impact of clinician and societal biases on ML models is increasingly important. While biases can arise in the labels used for model training, the many…

Machine learning algorithms can sometimes exacerbate health disparities based on ethnicity, gender, and other factors. There has been limited work at exploring potential biases within algorithms deployed on a small scale, and/or within…

Sub-sequence splitting (SSS) has been demonstrated as an effective approach to mitigate data sparsity in sequential recommendation (SR) by splitting a raw user interaction sequence into multiple sub-sequences. Previous studies have…

Optimization is becoming increasingly common in scientific and engineering domains. Oftentimes, these problems involve various levels of stochasticity or uncertainty in generating proposed solutions. Therefore, optimization in these…

Accurate sample classification using transcriptomics data is crucial for advancing personalized medicine. Achieving this goal necessitates determining a suitable sample size that ensures adequate statistical power without undue resource…

We derive a family of loss functions to train models in the presence of sampling bias. Examples are when the prevalence of a pathology differs from its sampling rate in the training dataset, or when a machine learning practioner rebalances…

Training datasets are crucial for convolutional neural network-based algorithms, which directly impact their overall performance. As such, using a well-structured dataset that has minimum level of bias is always desirable. In this paper, we…

Modern applications of machine learning (ML) deal with increasingly heterogeneous datasets comprised of data collected from overlapping latent subpopulations. As a result, traditional models trained over large datasets may fail to recognize…

The success of self-supervised learning (SSL) has mostly been attributed to the availability of unlabeled yet large-scale datasets. However, in a specialized domain such as medical imaging which is a lot different from natural images, the…

Selection bias poses a critical challenge for fairness in machine learning, as models trained on data that is less representative of the population might exhibit undesirable behavior for underrepresented profiles. Semi-supervised learning…