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Forecasting meteorological variables is challenging due to the complexity of their processes, requiring advanced models for accuracy. Accurate precipitation forecasts are vital for society. Reliable predictions help communities mitigate…

Gaining a deeper understanding of weather and being able to predict its future conduct have always been considered important endeavors for the growth of our society. This research paper explores the advancements in understanding and…

The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) is a critical climate phenomenon, fundamentally impacting the agriculture, economy, and water security of over a billion people. Traditional long-range forecasting, whether statistical or dynamical, has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Parashjyoti Borah , Sanghamitra Sarkar , Ranjan Phukan

Modeling weather and climate is an essential endeavor to understand the near- and long-term impacts of climate change, as well as inform technology and policymaking for adaptation and mitigation efforts. In recent years, there has been a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tung Nguyen , Jason Jewik , Hritik Bansal , Prakhar Sharma , Aditya Grover

Modern weather and climate models share a common heritage, and often even components, however they are used in different ways to answer fundamentally different questions. As such, attempts to emulate them using machine learning should…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-03-21 Duncan Watson-Parris

Data mining is a popular concept of mined necessary data from a large set of data. Data mining using clustering is a powerful way to analyze data and gives prediction. In this paper non structural time series data is used to forecast daily…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Ratul Dey Sanjay Chakraborty Lopamudra Dey

Clustering is a powerful tool which has been used in several forecasting works, such as time series forecasting, real time storm detection, flood forecasting and so on. In this paper, a generic methodology for weather forecasting is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Sanjay Chakraborty , N. K. Nagwani , Lopamudra Dey

The ocean profoundly influences human activities and plays a critical role in climate regulation. Our understanding has improved over the last decades with the advent of satellite remote sensing data, allowing us to capture essential…

In recent years, AI-based weather forecasting models have matched or even outperformed numerical weather prediction systems. However, most of these models have been trained and evaluated on reanalysis datasets like ERA5. These datasets,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Weixin Jin , Jonathan Weyn , Pengcheng Zhao , Siqi Xiang , Jiang Bian , Zuliang Fang , Haiyu Dong , Hongyu Sun , Kit Thambiratnam , Qi Zhang

Research on Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Data Assimilation (DA) is expanding rapidly. However, the absence of an objective, comprehensive, and real-world benchmark hinders the fair comparison of diverse methods. Here, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wuxin Wang , Weicheng Ni , Ben Fei , Tao Han , Lilan Huang , Taikang Yuan , Xiaoyong Li , Lei Bai , Boheng Duan , Kaijun Ren

As global climate change intensifies, accurate weather forecasting is increasingly crucial for sectors such as agriculture, energy management, and environmental protection. Traditional methods, which rely on physical and statistical models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Bangyu Li , Yang Qian

Understanding seasonal climatic conditions is critical for better management of resources such as water, energy and agriculture. Recently, there has been a great interest in utilizing the power of artificial intelligence methods in climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Alper Unal , Busra Asan , Ismail Sezen , Bugra Yesilkaynak , Yusuf Aydin , Mehmet Ilicak , Gozde Unal

Weather and climate simulations produce petabytes of high-resolution data that are later analyzed by researchers in order to understand climate change or severe weather. We propose a new method of compressing this multidimensional weather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Langwen Huang , Torsten Hoefler

The classification of weather data involves categorizing meteorological phenomena into classes, thereby facilitating nuanced analyses and precise predictions for various sectors such as agriculture, aviation, and disaster management. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Elaheh Jafarigol , Theodore Trafalis

Drought poses a pervasive environmental challenge in Bangladesh, impacting agriculture, socio-economic stability, and food security due to its unique geographic and anthropogenic vulnerabilities. Traditional drought indices, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Tonmoy Paul , Mrittika Devi Mati , Md. Mahmudul Islam

Climate change demands effective legislative action to mitigate its impacts. This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) to understand the progression of climate policy from announcement to adoption, focusing on policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Patricia West , Michelle WL Wan , Alexander Hepburn , Edwin Simpson , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Jeffrey N Clark

Traditionally, weather predictions are performed with the help of large complex models of physics, which utilize different atmospheric conditions over a long period of time. These conditions are often unstable because of perturbations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 A H M Jakaria , Md Mosharaf Hossain , Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman

The challenges in applications of solar energy lies in its intermittency and dependency on meteorological parameters such as; solar radiation, ambient temperature, rainfall, wind-speed etc., and many other physical parameters like dust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Debojyoti Chakraborty , Jayeeta Mondal , Hrishav Bakul Barua , Ankur Bhattacharjee

We present a data-driven approach for forecasting global weather using graph neural networks. The system learns to step forward the current 3D atmospheric state by six hours, and multiple steps are chained together to produce skillful…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-02-16 Ryan Keisler

With a warming planet, tropical regions are expected to experience the brunt of climate change, with more intense and more volatile rainfall events. Currently, state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are known to struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Indrajit Kalita , Lucia Vilallonga , Yves Atchade