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Text-to-SQL generation bridges the gap between natural language and databases, enabling users to query data without requiring SQL expertise. While large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field, challenges remain in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Ganesh Parab , Zishan Ahmad , Dagnachew Birru

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting combined with large language models (LLMs) have achieved encouraging results on complex reasoning tasks. Text-to-SQL is a critical semantic parsing task that converts natural language questions into SQL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Xiping Liu , Zhao Tan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved the accuracy of Text-to-SQL systems. However, a critical challenge remains: the semantic mismatch between natural language questions (NLQs) and their corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Shaoming Duan , Zirui Wang , Chuanyi Liu , Zhibin Zhu , Yuhao Zhang , Peiyi Han , Liang Yan , Zewu Peng

Recently, code-oriented large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in translating natural language into executable code. Text-to-SQL is a significant application of this ability, enabling non-technical users to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Salmane Chafik , Saad Ezzini , Ismail Berrada

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in translating natural language questions about relational databases into SQL queries. In particular, test-time scaling techniques such as Self-Consistency and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Lei Sheng , Shuai-Shuai Xu

The Text-to-SQL task translates natural language questions into SQL queries, enabling intuitive database interaction for non-experts. While recent methods leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance, their reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shengmin Piao , Jieun Lee , Sanghyun Park

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) adapt to visual tasks via in-context learning (ICL), which relies heavily on demonstration quality. The dominant demonstration selection strategy is unsupervised k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) search.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Eugene Lee , Yu-Chi Lin , Jiajie Diao

In-context learning (ICL) of large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention in the community where LLMs make predictions only based on instructions augmented with a few examples. Existing example selection methods for ICL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Haowei Du , Dongyan Zhao

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved performance on the Text-to-SQL task. However, prior approaches typically rely on static, pre-processed database information provided at inference time, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Wenxuan Xie , Yaxun Dai , Wenhao Jiang

SQL-to-Text generation aims at translating structured SQL queries into natural language descriptions, thereby facilitating comprehension of complex database operations for non-technical users. Although large language models (LLMs) have…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sriom Chakrabarti , Chuangtao Ma , Arijit Khan , Sebastian Link

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

Recent LLM-based Text-to-SQL methods usually suffer from significant performance degradation on "huge" databases and complex user questions that require multi-step reasoning. Moreover, most existing methods neglect the crucial significance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bing Wang , Changyu Ren , Jian Yang , Xinnian Liang , Jiaqi Bai , LinZheng Chai , Zhao Yan , Qian-Wen Zhang , Di Yin , Xing Sun , Zhoujun Li

Text-to-SQL has emerged as a prominent research area, particularly with the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs). By enabling users to query databases through natural language rather than SQL, this technology significantly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yu-Jie Yang , Hung-Fu Chang , Po-An Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language interfaces for databases, particularly in text-to-SQL conversion. However, current approaches often generate unreliable outputs when faced with ambiguity or insufficient…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Kaiwen Chen , Yueting Chen , Xiaohui Yu , Nick Koudas

Text-to-SQL systems facilitate smooth interaction with databases by translating natural language queries into Structured Query Language (SQL), bridging the gap between non-technical users and complex database management systems. This survey…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Aditi Singh , Akash Shetty , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei

Large Language Model (LLM) techniques play an increasingly important role in Natural Language to SQL (NL2SQL) translation. LLMs trained by extensive corpora have strong natural language understanding and basic SQL generation abilities…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Tonghui Ren , Yuankai Fan , Zhenying He , Ren Huang , Jiaqi Dai , Can Huang , Yinan Jing , Kai Zhang , Yifan Yang , X. Sean Wang

Large language models (LLMs) offer substantial promise for text classification in political science, yet their effectiveness often depends on high-quality prompts and exemplars. To address this, we introduce a three-stage framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Menglin Liu , Ge Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong in-context learning (ICL) abilities with a few demonstrations. However, one critical challenge is how to select demonstrations to elicit the full potential of LLMs. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Duc Anh Vu , Nguyen Tran Cong Duy , Xiaobao Wu , Hoang Minh Nhat , Du Mingzhe , Nguyen Thanh Thong , Anh Tuan Luu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have propelled research in natural language interfaces to databases. However, most state-of-the-art text-to-SQL systems still depend on complex, multi-stage pipelines. This work proposes a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Fernando Granado , Roberto Lotufo , Jayr Pereira

Text-to-SQL is a fundamental yet challenging task in the NLP area, aiming at translating natural language questions into SQL queries. While recent advances in large language models have greatly improved performance, most existing approaches…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shuozhi Yuan , Limin Chen , Miaomiao Yuan , Zhao Jin