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Dose selection is critical in pharmaceutical drug development, as it directly impacts therapeutic efficacy and patient safety of a drug. The Generalized Multiple Comparison Procedures and Modeling (MCP-Mod) approach is commonly used in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-23 Lukas Pin , Oleksandr Sverdlov , Frank Bretz , Björn Bornkamp

In structured additive distributional regression, the conditional distribution of the response variables given the covariate information and the vector of model parameters is modelled using a P-parametric probability density function where…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-06 Gianmarco Callegher , Thomas Kneib , Johannes Söding , Paul Wiemann

The injunction to `analyze the way you randomize' is well-known to statisticians since Fisher advocated for randomization as the basis of inference. Yet even those convinced by the merits of randomization-based inference seldom follow this…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-16 Nicole E. Pashley , Guillaume W. Basse , Luke W. Miratrix

The validity of statistical inference depends critically on how data are collected. When data gathered through active data collection (ADC) are reused for a post-hoc inferential task, conventional inference can fail because the sampling is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-13 Shuichi Nishino , Tomohiro Shiraishi , Teruyuki Katsuoka , Ichiro Takeuchi

Quantile regression has been successfully used to study heterogeneous and heavy-tailed data. Varying-coefficient models are frequently used to capture changes in the effect of input variables on the response as a function of an index or…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-18 Ran Dai , Mladen Kolar

Variable selection, also known as feature selection in machine learning, plays an important role in modeling high dimensional data and is key to data-driven scientific discoveries. We consider here the problem of detecting influential…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-24 Bo Jiang , Jun S. Liu

We develop a Monte Carlo-free approach to inference post output from randomized algorithms with a convex loss and a convex penalty. The pivotal statistic based on a truncated law, called the selective pivot, usually lacks closed form…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-19 Snigdha Panigrahi , Jelena Markovic , Jonathan Taylor

Obtaining high certainty in predictive models is crucial for making informed and trustworthy decisions in many scientific and engineering domains. However, extensive experimentation required for model accuracy can be both costly and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Giorgio Morales , John Sheppard

The theocratical properties of the power of the conventional testing hypotheses and the selection bias are usually unknown under covariate-adaptive randomized clinical trials. In the literature, most studies are based on simulations. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Li-Xin Zhang

This paper introduces novel weighted conformal p-values and methods for model-free selective inference. The problem is as follows: given test units with covariates $X$ and missing responses $Y$, how do we select units for which the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-27 Ying Jin , Emmanuel J. Candès

To increase statistical efficiency in a randomized experiment, researchers often use stratification (i.e., blocking) in the design stage. However, conventional practices of stratification fail to exploit valuable information about the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-28 Zikai Li

Randomization is a basis for the statistical inference of treatment effects without strong assumptions on the outcome-generating process. Appropriately using covariates further yields more precise estimators in randomized experiments. R. A.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Xinran Li , Peng Ding

There is a growing need for the ability to analyse interval-valued data. However, existing descriptive frameworks to achieve this ignore the process by which interval-valued data are typically constructed; namely by the aggregation of…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-08 Xin Zhang , Boris Beranger , Scott A. Sisson

We consider inference from non-random samples in data-rich settings where high-dimensional auxiliary information is available both in the sample and the target population, with survey inference being a special case. We propose a regularized…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-13 Yutao Liu , Andrew Gelman , Qixuan Chen

We develop tools to do valid post-selective inference for a family of model selection procedures, including choosing a model via cross-validated Lasso. The tools apply universally when the following random vectors are jointly asymptotically…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-13 Jelena Markovic , Lucy Xia , Jonathan Taylor

Adapting the final sample size of a trial to the evidence accruing during the trial is a natural way to address planning uncertainty. Designs with adaptive sample size need to account for their optional stopping to guarantee strict type-I…

Conformal inference is a method that provides prediction sets for machine learning models, operating independently of the underlying distributional assumptions and relying solely on the exchangeability of training and test data. Despite its…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-01 Daniela Corbetta , Livio Finos , Ludwig Geistlinger , Davide Risso

Covariate-adaptive randomization is widely used in clinical trials to balance prognostic factors, and regression adjustments are often adopted to further enhance the estimation and inference efficiency. In practice, the covariates may…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-15 Wanjia Fu , Yingying Ma , Hanzhong Liu

In many modern statistical problems, the limited available data must be used both to develop the hypotheses to test, and to test these hypotheses-that is, both for exploratory and confirmatory data analysis. Reusing the same dataset for…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-24 Youngjoo Yun , Rina Foygel Barber

Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity is important for decision making in medical and clinical practices, or handling various engineering and marketing challenges. When dealing with high-dimensional covariates or when the effect…