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Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited striking in-context learning (ICL) ability to adapt to target tasks with a few input-output demonstrations. For better ICL, different methods are proposed to select representative demonstrations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Wei-Lin Chen , Cheng-Kuang Wu , Yun-Nung Chen , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Cross-lingual emotion detection allows us to analyze global trends, public opinion, and social phenomena at scale. We participated in the Explainability of Cross-lingual Emotion Detection (EXALT) shared task, achieving an F1-score of 0.6046…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Long Cheng , Qihao Shao , Christine Zhao , Sheng Bi , Gina-Anne Levow

Recent work shows that in-context learning and optimization of in-context examples (ICE) can significantly improve the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) on a wide range of tasks, leading to an apparent consensus that ICE optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Pragya Srivastava , Satvik Golechha , Amit Deshpande , Amit Sharma

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable image-language capabilities, but their widespread use faces challenges in cost-effective training and adaptation. Existing approaches often necessitate expensive language model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Sayna Ebrahimi , Sercan O. Arik , Tejas Nama , Tomas Pfister

This paper presents LITE, an LLM-based evaluation method designed for efficient and flexible assessment of taxonomy quality. To address challenges in large-scale taxonomy evaluation, such as efficiency, fairness, and consistency, LITE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Lin Zhang , Zhouhong Gu , Suhang Zheng , Tao Wang , Tianyu Li , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive zero-shot performance on inference tasks. However, LLMs may suffer from spurious correlations between input texts and output labels, which limits LLMs' ability to reason based purely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yingjie Li , Yun Luo , Xiaotian Xie , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency across diverse tasks, exhibiting emergent properties such as semantic prompt comprehension, In-Context Learning (ICL), and Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuling Jiao , Yanming Lai , Huazhen Lin , Wensen Ma , Houduo Qi , Defeng Sun

The linguistic capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are critical for their effective application across diverse tasks. This study aims to evaluate the performance of MLLMs on the VALSE benchmark, focusing on the efficacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Mustafa Dogan , Ilker Kesen , Iacer Calixto , Aykut Erdem , Erkut Erdem

Interpretability in machine learning is critical for the safe deployment of learned policies across legally-regulated and safety-critical domains. While gradient-based approaches in reinforcement learning have achieved tremendous success in…

Despite large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, their prefix-only prompting paradigm and sequential generation process offer limited flexibility for bidirectional information. Diffusion large language models (dLLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiangqi Jin , Yuxuan Wang , Yifeng Gao , Zichen Wen , Biqing Qi , Dongrui Liu , Linfeng Zhang

Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) are widely used to assess medical students' communication skills, but scoring interview-based assessments is time-consuming and potentially subject to human bias. This study explored the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jadon Geathers , Yann Hicke , Colleen Chan , Niroop Rajashekar , Justin Sewell , Susannah Cornes , Rene F. Kizilcec , Dennis Shung

Although large language models can be prompted for both zero- and few-shot learning, performance drops significantly when no demonstrations are available. In this paper, we introduce Z-ICL, a new zero-shot method that closes the gap by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xinxi Lyu , Sewon Min , Iz Beltagy , Luke Zettlemoyer , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Large language models (LLMs) are very proficient text generators. We leverage this capability of LLMs to generate task-specific data via zero-shot prompting and promote cross-lingual transfer for low-resource target languages. Given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Barah Fazili , Ashish Sunil Agrawal , Preethi Jyothi

In recent advancements, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been fine-tuned on specific medical image datasets to address medical visual question answering (Med-VQA) tasks. However, this common approach of task-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Lai Wei , Wenkai Wang , Xiaoyu Shen , Yu Xie , Zhihao Fan , Xiaojin Zhang , Zhongyu Wei , Wei Chen

In-Context Learning (ICL) is an emergent capability of Large Language Models (LLMs). Only a few demonstrations enable LLMs to be used as blackbox for new tasks. Previous studies have shown that using LLMs' outputs as labels is effective in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Kazuma Hashimoto , Karthik Raman , Michael Bendersky

We propose a novel zero-shot document ranking approach based on Large Language Models (LLMs): the Setwise prompting approach. Our approach complements existing prompting approaches for LLM-based zero-shot ranking: Pointwise, Pairwise, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Shengyao Zhuang , Honglei Zhuang , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) enable effective in-context learning (ICL) with many-shot examples, but at the cost of high computational demand due to longer input tokens. To address this, we propose cheat-sheet ICL, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ukyo Honda , Soichiro Murakami , Peinan Zhang

Language models (LMs) can perform complex reasoning either end-to-end, with hidden latent state, or compositionally, with transparent intermediate state. Composition offers benefits for interpretability and safety, but may need workflow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Justin Reppert , Ben Rachbach , Charlie George , Luke Stebbing , Jungwon Byun , Maggie Appleton , Andreas Stuhlmüller

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as an effective approach to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness varies significantly across models and tasks, posing challenges for practitioners to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Dingzriui Wang , Xuanliang Zhang , Keyan Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che , Yang Deng

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang