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This paper is concerned with the stochastic linear quadratic Stackelberg differential game with overlapping information, where the diffusion terms contain the control and state variables. Here the term "overlapping" means that there are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Jingtao Shi , Guangchen Wang , Jie Xiong

This paper provides a systematic study of the robust Stackelberg equilibrium (RSE), which naturally generalizes the widely adopted solution concept of the strong Stackelberg equilibrium (SSE). The RSE accounts for any possible…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiarui Gan , Minbiao Han , Jibang Wu , Haifeng Xu

A growing body of work in game theory extends the traditional Stackelberg game to settings with one leader and multiple followers who play a Nash equilibrium. Standard approaches for computing equilibria in these games reformulate the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Kai Wang , Lily Xu , Andrew Perrault , Michael K. Reiter , Milind Tambe

In this paper, we introduce a generalization of the standard Stackelberg Games (SGs) framework: Calibrated Stackelberg Games (CSGs). In CSGs, a principal repeatedly interacts with an agent who (contrary to standard SGs) does not have direct…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Nika Haghtalab , Chara Podimata , Kunhe Yang

This paper investigates the convergence of learning dynamics in Stackelberg games. In the class of games we consider, there is a hierarchical game being played between a leader and a follower with continuous action spaces. We establish a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-07 Tanner Fiez , Benjamin Chasnov , Lillian J. Ratliff

Prior work has studied the computational complexity of computing optimal strategies to commit to in Stackelberg or leadership games, where a leader commits to a strategy which is observed by one or more followers. We extend this setting to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Nathaniel Sauerberg , Caspar Oesterheld

We develop an analytical Stackelberg game framework for optimal resource allocation in a sequential attacker--defender setting with a finite set of assets and probabilistic attacks. The defender commits to a mixed protection strategy, after…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Azhar Iqbal , James M. Chappell , Derek Abbott

In this paper, we are concerned with the stabilizatbility of Stackelberg game-based systems. In particular, two players are involved in the system where one is the follower to minimize the related cost function and the other is the leader…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Yue Sun , Juanjuan Xu , Huanshui Zhang

We study online reinforcement learning in average-reward stochastic games (SGs). An SG models a two-player zero-sum game in a Markov environment, where state transitions and one-step payoffs are determined simultaneously by a learner and an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Chen-Yu Wei , Yi-Te Hong , Chi-Jen Lu

In this paper, the known deterministic linear-quadratic Stackelberg game is revisited, whose open-loop Stackelberg solution actually possesses the nature of time inconsistency. To handle this time inconsistency, {a two-tier game framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Yuan-Hua Ni , Liping Liu , Xinzhen Zhang

In this paper, $2\times2$ zero-sum games are studied under the following assumptions: $(1)$ One of the players (the leader) commits to choose its actions by sampling a given probability measure (strategy); $(2)$ The leader announces its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Ke Sun , Samir M. Perlaza , Alain Jean-Marie

This paper investigates the non-zero-sum linear-quadratic stochastic Stackelberg differential games with affine constraints, which depend on both the follower's response and the leader's strategy. With the help of the stochastic Riccati…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Zhun Gou , Nan-Jing Huang , Xian-Jun Long , Jian-Hao Kang

We study an online learning problem in general-sum Stackelberg games, where players act in a decentralized and strategic manner. We study two settings depending on the type of information for the follower: (1) the limited information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yaolong Yu , Haipeng Chen

This paper is concerned with a leader-follower stochastic differential game with asymmetric information, where the information available to the follower is based on some sub-$\sigma$-algebra of that available to the leader. Such kind of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Jingtao Shi , Guangchen Wang , Jie Xiong

This paper investigates a robust incentive Stackelberg stochastic differential game problem for a linear-quadratic mean field system, where the model uncertainty appears in the drift term of the leader's state equation. Moreover, both the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Na Xiang , Jingtao Shi

This paper obtains the maximum principle for both stochastic (global) open-loop and stochastic (global) closed-loop Stackelberg differential games. For the closed-loop case, we use the theory of controlled forward-backward stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Alain Bensoussan , Shaokuan Chen , Suresh P. Sethi

Recent results in the ML community have revealed that learning algorithms used to compute the optimal strategy for the leader to commit to in a Stackelberg game, are susceptible to manipulation by the follower. Such a learning algorithm…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Georgios Birmpas , Jiarui Gan , Alexandros Hollender , Francisco J. Marmolejo-Cossío , Ninad Rajgopal , Alexandros A. Voudouris

This paper is devoted to a Stackelberg stochastic differential game for a linear mean-field type stochastic differential system with a mean-field type quadratic cost functional in finite horizon. The coefficients in the state equation and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Zixuan Li , Jingtao Shi

There has been significant recent interest in leader-follower security games, where the leader dominates the decision process with the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE) strategy. However, such a leader-follower scheme may become invalid in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Gehui Xu , Guanpu Chen , Zhaoyang Cheng , Yiguang Hong , Hongsheng Qi

In a multi-follower Bayesian Stackelberg game, a leader plays a mixed strategy over $L$ actions to which $n\ge 1$ followers, each having one of $K$ possible private types, best respond. The leader's optimal strategy depends on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Gerson Personnat , Tao Lin , Safwan Hossain , David C. Parkes