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Data in biology is redundant, noisy, and sparse. How does the type and scale of available data impact model performance? In this work, we specifically investigate how protein language models (pLMs) scale with increasing pretraining data. We…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-31 Aviv Spinner , Erika DeBenedictis , Corey M. Hudson

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play a crucial role in numerous biological processes. Developing methods that predict binding affinity changes under substitution mutations is fundamental for modelling and re-engineering biological…

The diversity and Zipfian frequency distribution of natural language predicates in corpora leads to sparsity in Entailment Graphs (EGs) built by Open Relation Extraction (ORE). EGs are computationally efficient and explainable models of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Nick McKenna , Tianyi Li , Mark Johnson , Mark Steedman

Inferring the structural properties of a protein from its amino acid sequence is a challenging yet important problem in biology. Structures are not known for the vast majority of protein sequences, but structure is critical for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Tristan Bepler , Bonnie Berger

The success of deep networks is crucially attributed to their ability to capture latent features within a representation space. In this work, we investigate whether the underlying learned features of a model can be efficiently retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Akash Kumar

Neural networks are among the state-of-the-art techniques for language modeling. Existing neural language models typically map discrete words to distributed, dense vector representations. After information processing of the preceding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Yunchuan Chen , Lili Mou , Yan Xu , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

The problem of reconstructing and identifying intracellular protein signaling and biochemical networks is of critical importance in biology today. We sought to develop a mathematical approach to this problem using, as a test case, one of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2012-06-15 D. Napoletani , T. Sauer , D. C. Struppa , E. Petricoin , L. Liotta

Feature and Interaction Importance (FII) methods are essential in supervised learning for assessing the relevance of input variables and their interactions in complex prediction models. In many domains, such as personalized medicine, local…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-15 Kata Vuk , Nicolas Alexander Ihlo , Merle Behr

The local structure of a protein strongly impacts its function and interactions with other molecules. Therefore, a concise, informative representation of a local protein environment is essential for modeling and designing proteins and…

Protein-protein interaction extraction is the key precondition of the construction of protein knowledge network, and it is very important for the research in the biomedicine. This paper extracted directional protein-protein interaction from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-08-25 Peilei Liu , Ting Wang

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are critical to normal cellular function and are related to many disease pathways. However, only 4% of PPIs are annotated with PTMs in biological knowledge databases such as IntAct, mainly performed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Aparna Elangovan , Yuan Li , Douglas E. V. Pires , Melissa J. Davis , Karin Verspoor

Incorporating sparsity priors in learning tasks can give rise to simple, and interpretable models for complex high dimensional data. Sparse models have found widespread use in structure discovery, recovering data from corruptions, and a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-03-27 Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Aleksandr Y. Aravkin , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Background: Identification of the interactions and regulatory relations between biomolecules play pivotal roles in understanding complex biological systems and the mechanisms underlying diverse biological functions. However, the collection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Gilchan Park , Byung-Jun Yoon , Xihaier Luo , Vanessa López-Marrero , Shinjae Yoo , Shantenu Jha

Recent advancements in protein structure prediction, particularly AlphaFold2, have revolutionized structural biology by achieving near-experimental accuracy ($\text{average RMSD} < 1.5\text{\AA}$). However, the computational demands of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-09 Joongwon Chae , Zhenyu Wang , Ijaz Gul , Jiansong Ji , Zhenglin Chen , Peiwu Qin

Interactions between proteins are hard to decipher. Protein-protein interactions are difficult problem to address because they are not based on differences in charge type like protein-DNA or protein-lipid interactions. In this manuscript we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-12-31 Ognjen Perišić

We introduce a machine learning approach for extracting fine-grained representations of protein evolution from molecular dynamics datasets. Metastable switching linear dynamical systems extend standard switching models with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-07 Bharath Ramsundar , Vijay S. Pande

Computational protein-protein interaction (PPI) prediction techniques can contribute greatly in reducing time, cost and false-positive interactions compared to experimental approaches. Sequence is one of the key and primary information of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Soumyadeep Debnath , Ayatullah Faruk Mollah

Motivation. Protein contact map describes the pairwise spatial and functional relationship of residues in a protein and contains key information for protein 3D structure prediction. Although studied extensively, it remains very challenging…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-01-21 Zhiyong Wang , Jinbo Xu

To accelerate kernel methods, we propose a near input sparsity time algorithm for sampling the high-dimensional feature space implicitly defined by a kernel transformation. Our main contribution is an importance sampling method for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-15 David P. Woodruff , Amir Zandieh

Protein representation learning has primarily benefited from the remarkable development of language models (LMs). Accordingly, pre-trained protein models also suffer from a problem in LMs: a lack of factual knowledge. The recent solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Hong-Yu Zhou , Yunxiang Fu , Zhicheng Zhang , Cheng Bian , Yizhou Yu