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In this thesis, we develop various techniques for working with sets in machine learning. Each input or output is not an image or a sequence, but a set: an unordered collection of multiple objects, each object described by a feature vector.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Yan Zhang

Robotic visual systems operating in the wild must act in unconstrained scenarios, under different environmental conditions while facing a variety of semantic concepts, including unknown ones. To this end, recent works tried to empower…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Dario Fontanel , Fabio Cermelli , Massimiliano Mancini , Barbara Caputo

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have brought revolutionary advances to many research areas due to their capacity of learning from raw data. However, when those methods are applied to non-controllable environments, many different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Lucas Fernando Alvarenga e Silva , Nicu Sebe , Jurandy Almeida

Despite achieving enormous success in predictive accuracy for visual classification problems, deep neural networks (DNNs) suffer from providing overconfident probabilities on out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Yet, accurate uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Zongyao Lyu , Nolan B. Gutierrez , William J. Beksi

Deep Learning heavily depends on large labeled datasets which limits further improvements. While unlabeled data is available in large amounts, in particular in image recognition, it does not fulfill the closed world assumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Maximilian Augustin , Matthias Hein

Few-shot open-set recognition aims to classify both seen and novel images given only limited training data of seen classes. The challenge of this task is that the model is required not only to learn a discriminative classifier to classify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Nan Song , Chi Zhang , Guosheng Lin

Open-World Recognition (OWR) is an emerging field that makes a machine learning model competent in rejecting the unknowns, managing them, and incrementally adding novel samples to the base knowledge. However, this broad objective is not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Gusti Ahmad Fanshuri Alfarisy , Owais Ahmed Malik , Ong Wee Hong

Open-set face recognition refers to a scenario in which biometric systems have incomplete knowledge of all existing subjects. Therefore, they are expected to prevent face samples of unregistered subjects from being identified as previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Rafael Henrique Vareto , Manuel Günther , William Robson Schwartz

We tackle the challenging problem of Open-Set Object Detection (OSOD), which aims to detect both known and unknown objects in unlabelled images. The main difficulty arises from the absence of supervision for these unknown classes, making it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Silin Cheng , Yuanpei Liu , Kai Han

We introduce a challenging training scheme of conditional GANs, called open-set semi-supervised image generation, where the training dataset consists of two parts: (i) labeled data and (ii) unlabeled data with samples belonging to one of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Kai Katsumata , Duc Minh Vo , Hideki Nakayama

The widespread integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across all facets of life has ushered in an era of interconnectedness, creating new avenues for cybersecurity challenges and underscoring the need for robust intrusion detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Yasir Ali Farrukh , Syed Wali , Irfan Khan , Nathaniel D. Bastian

This study investigates the relationship between semi-supervised learning (SSL, which is training off partially labelled datasets) and open-set recognition (OSR, which is classification with simultaneous novelty detection) under the context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Emile Reyn Engelbrecht , Johan du Preez

Active learning (AL) has emerged as a crucial methodology for minimizing labeling costs in deep learning by selecting the most valuable samples from a pool of unlabeled data for annotation. Traditional AL operates under a closed-set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zongyao Lyu , William J. Beksi

Visual recognition tasks are often limited to dealing with a small subset of classes simply because the labels for the remaining classes are unavailable. We are interested in identifying novel concepts in a dataset through representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Geeho Kim , Junoh Kang , Bohyung Han

The existing continual learning methods are mainly focused on fully-supervised scenarios and are still not able to take advantage of unlabeled data available in the environment. Some recent works tried to investigate semi-supervised…

Before deployment in the real-world deep neural networks require thorough evaluation of how they handle both knowns, inputs represented in the training data, and unknowns (anomalies). This is especially important for scene understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zakaria Laskar , Tomas Vojir , Matej Grcic , Iaroslav Melekhov , Shankar Gangisettye , Juho Kannala , Jiri Matas , Giorgos Tolias , C. V. Jawahar

An object detector's ability to detect and flag \textit{novel} objects during open-world deployments is critical for many real-world applications. Unfortunately, much of the work in open object detection today is disjointed and fails to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Matthew Inkawhich , Nathan Inkawhich , Hao Yang , Jingyang Zhang , Randolph Linderman , Yiran Chen

Open World Object Detection(OWOD) addresses realistic scenarios where unseen object classes emerge, enabling detectors trained on known classes to detect unknown objects and incrementally incorporate the knowledge they provide. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Sunoh Lee , Minsik Jeon , Jihong Min , Junwon Seo

Real world data often exhibits a long-tailed and open-ended (with unseen classes) distribution. A practical recognition system must balance between majority (head) and minority (tail) classes, generalize across the distribution, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Ziwei Liu , Zhongqi Miao , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiayun Wang , Boqing Gong , Stella X. Yu

Machine learning has achieved remarkable success in many applications. However, existing studies are largely based on the closed-world assumption, which assumes that the environment is stationary, and the model is fixed once deployed. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Fei Zhu , Shijie Ma , Zhen Cheng , Xu-Yao Zhang , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Dacheng Tao , Cheng-Lin Liu