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The CD index is a widely used measure of disruptive inventions. Most studies compute it using USPTO data. This creates a puzzle because the US appears less disruptive than European and Asian countries. We show that this largely stems from…
As research becomes an ever more globalized activity, there is growing interest in national and international comparisons of standards and quality in different countries and regions. A sign for this trend is the increasing interest in…
Open government and open (government) data are seen as tools to create new opportunities, eliminate or at least reduce information inequalities and improve public services. More than a decade of these efforts has provided much experience,…
Gold and currency markets form a unique pair with specific interactions and dynamics. We focus on the efficiency ranking of gold markets with respect to the currency of purchase. By utilizing the Efficiency Index (EI) based on fractal…
Every year, the European Union and its member states allocate millions of euros to fund various development initiatives. However, the increasing number of applications received for these programs often creates significant bottlenecks in…
Can we use data on the biographies of historical figures to estimate the GDP per capita of countries and regions? Here we introduce a machine learning method to estimate the GDP per capita of dozens of countries and hundreds of regions in…
Classic economic science is reaching the limits of its explanatory powers. Complexity science uses an increasingly larger set of different methods to analyze physical, biological, cultural, social, and economic factors, providing a broader…
This research paper explores the impact of Artificial intelligence (AI) on the global economy, with particular emphasis on its influence on gross domestic product (GDP). The paper begins with an overview of AI, followed by a discussion of…
Decision-making units (DMUs) in a group convert the same resources (i.e., input indices) into the same products (i.e., output indices) at different scales. Performance indices have different measurement units, and their market prices per…
We investigate the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and research and development (R\&D) in the transitional dynamics of host countries using an optimal growth model. FDI may benefit the host country's GNP by enabling multinational…
Countries tend to diversify their exports by entering products that are related to their current exports. Yet this average behavior is not representative of every diversification path. In this paper, we introduce a method to identify…
We develop a machine-learning-based method, Principal Smooth-Dynamics Analysis (PriSDA), to identify patterns in economic development and to automate the development of new theory of economic dynamics. Traditionally, economic growth is…
Recently, data augmentation (DA) has emerged as a method for leveraging domain knowledge to inexpensively generate additional data in reinforcement learning (RL) tasks, often yielding substantial improvements in data efficiency. While prior…
This paper aims to study the impact of public and private investments on the economic growth of developing countries. The study uses the panel data of 39 developing countries covering the periods 1990-2019. The study was based on the…
Evaluating the efficiency of organizations and branches within an organization is a challenging issue for managers. Evaluation criteria allow organizations to rank their internal units, identify their position concerning their competitors,…
Artificial intelligence (AI) trends vary significantly across global regions, shaping the trajectory of innovation, regulation, and societal impact. This variation influences how different regions approach AI development, balancing…
A transformation network describes how one set of resources can be transformed into another via technological processes. Transformation networks in economics are useful because they can highlight areas for future innovations, both in terms…
We propose a novel DEA ranking based on a robust optimization viewpoint: the higher ranking for those DMU's that remain efficient even for larger variations of data and vice versa. This ranking can be computed by solving generalized linear…
Institutions and their aggregates are not the right units of analysis for developing a science policy with cognitive goals in view. Institutions, however, can be compared in terms of their performance with reference to their previous…
Power system operation is of vital importance and must be developed far beyond today's practice to meet future needs. Almost all European countries are facing an abrupt and very important increase of renewables with intrinsically varying…