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We investigate the problem of understanding the message (gist) conveyed by images and their captions as found, for instance, on websites or news articles. To this end, we propose a methodology to capture the meaning of image-caption pairs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Lydia Weiland , Ioana Hulpus , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Wolfgang Effelsberg , Laura Dietz

Distributed representation learned with neural networks has recently shown to be effective in modeling natural languages at fine granularities such as words, phrases, and even sentences. Whether and how such an approach can be extended to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Qian Chen , Xiaodan Zhu , Zhenhua Ling , Si Wei , Hui Jiang

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has been widely adopted to help Large Language Models (LLMs) to process tasks involving long documents. However, existing retrieval models are not designed for long document retrieval and fail to address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-13 David Jiahao Fu , Lam Thanh Do , Jiayu Li , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Automatic Text Summarization strategies have been successfully employed to digest text collections and extract its essential content. Usually, summaries are generated using textual corpora that belongs to the same domain area where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Vinicius Woloszyn , Guilherme Medeiros Machado , Leandro Krug Wives , José Palazzo Moreira de Oliveira

Large language models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks, and distilling their reasoning capabilities into smaller models has shown promise. However, we uncover an interesting phenomenon, which we term the Small Model Learnability Gap:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuetai Li , Xiang Yue , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Effectively making sense of short texts is a critical task for many real world applications such as search engines, social media services, and recommender systems. The task is particularly challenging as a short text contains very sparse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Jian Tang , Yue Wang , Kai Zheng , Qiaozhu Mei

The burgeoning progress in the field of Large Language Models (LLMs) heralds significant benefits due to their unparalleled capacities. However, it is critical to acknowledge the potential misuse of these models, which could give rise to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Haolan Zhan , Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Yuxiang Wu , Pontus Stenetorp

While Transformer language models (LMs) are state-of-the-art for information extraction, long text introduces computational challenges requiring suboptimal preprocessing steps or alternative model architectures. Sparse attention LMs can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Joel Stremmel , Brian L. Hill , Jeffrey Hertzberg , Jaime Murillo , Llewelyn Allotey , Eran Halperin

With the rise of deep learning, large datasets and complex models have become common, requiring significant computing power. To address this, data distillation has emerged as a technique to quickly train models with lower memory and time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Shivam Sahni , Harsh Patel

This paper addresses the challenges of high computational cost and slow inference in deploying large language models. It proposes a distillation strategy guided by multiple teacher models. The method constructs several teacher models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiandong Meng , Yan Wu , Yexin Tian , Xin Hu , Tianze Kang , Junliang Du

In this paper, we exploit the innate document segment structure for improving the extractive summarization task. We build two text segmentation models and find the most optimal strategy to introduce their output predictions in an extractive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Lesly Miculicich , Benjamin Han

Complex deep learning models now achieve state of the art performance for many document retrieval tasks. The best models process the query or claim jointly with the document. However for fast scalable search it is desirable to have document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Siamak Shakeri , Abhinav Sethy , Cheng Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle to accurately read and comprehend extremely long texts. Current methods for improvement typically rely on splitting long contexts into fixed-length chunks. However, fixed truncation risks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Boheng Sheng , Jiacheng Yao , Meicong Zhang , Guoxiu He

Automatic detection of hate and abusive language is essential to combat its online spread. Moreover, recognising and explaining hate speech serves to educate people about its negative effects. However, most current detection models operate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Paloma Piot , Javier Parapar

In this work, we study abstractive text summarization by exploring different models such as LSTM-encoder-decoder with attention, pointer-generator networks, coverage mechanisms, and transformers. Upon extensive and careful hyperparameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Soheil Esmaeilzadeh , Gao Xian Peh , Angela Xu

Extractive summarization for long documents is challenging due to the extended structured input context. The long-distance sentence dependency hinders cross-sentence relations modeling, the critical step of extractive summarization. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Haopeng Zhang , Xiao Liu , Jiawei Zhang

Visual text evokes an image in a person's mind, while non-visual text fails to do so. A method to automatically detect visualness in text will enable text-to-image retrieval and generation models to augment text with relevant images. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Gaurav Verma , Ryan A. Rossi , Christopher Tensmeyer , Jiuxiang Gu , Ani Nenkova

In the age of information overload, content management for online news articles relies on efficient summarization to enhance accessibility and user engagement. This article addresses the challenge of extractive text summarization by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sajib Biswas , Milon Biswas , Arunima Mandal , Fatema Tabassum Liza , Joy Sarker

Text Categorization is the task of automatically sorting a set of documents into categories from a predefined set and Text Summarization is a brief and accurate representation of input text such that the output covers the most important…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Khushboo Thakkar , Urmila Shrawankar

The rampant proliferation of large language models, fluent enough to generate text indistinguishable from human-written language, gives unprecedented importance to the detection of machine-generated text. This work is motivated by an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xiao Pu , Jingyu Zhang , Xiaochuang Han , Yulia Tsvetkov , Tianxing He