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PermitBFT establishes a permissioned byzantine ledger in the partially synchronous networking model. For n replicas, PermitBFT tolerates up to f < n/3 byzantine replicas. It is the first BFT protocol to achieve a latency of just 2 message…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Roland Schmid , Roger Wattenhofer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications. However, individual LLMs often produce inconsistent, biased, or hallucinated outputs due to limitations in their training corpora and model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Haoxiang Luo , Gang Sun , Yinqiu Liu , Dongcheng Zhao , Dusit Niyato , Hongfang Yu , Schahram Dustdar

Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) is one of the most challenging problems in Distributed Machine Learning (DML), defined as the resilience of a fault-tolerant system in the presence of malicious components. Byzantine failures are still…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Djamila Bouhata , Hamouma Moumen , Jocelyn Ahmed Mazari , Ahcène Bounceur

Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) protocols have recently been extensively used by decentralized data management systems with non-trustworthy infrastructures, e.g., permissioned blockchains. BFT protocols cover a broad spectrum of design…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Mohammad Javad Amiri , Chenyuan Wu , Divyakant Agrawal , Amr El Abbadi , Boon Thau Loo , Mohammad Sadoghi

LibraBFT is a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol based on HotStuff. We present an abstract model of the protocol underlying HotStuff / LibraBFT, and formal, machine-checked proofs of their core correctness (safety) property…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Harold Carr , Christopher Jenkins , Mark Moir , Victor Cacciari Miraldo , Lisandra Silva

Vote-based blockchains construct a state machine replication (SMR) system among participating nodes, using Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) consensus protocols to transition from one state to another. Currently, they rely on either…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yibin Xu , Jianhua Shao , Tijs Slaats , Boris Düdder , Yongluan Zhou

To improve the overall efficiency and reliability of Byzantine protocols in large sparse networks, we propose a new system assumption for developing multi-scale fault-tolerant systems, with which several kinds of multi-scale Byzantine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Shaolin Yu , Jihong Zhu , Jiali Yang , Yulong Zhan

FaB Paxos[5] sets a lower bound of 5f + 1 replicas for any two-step consensus protocols tolerating f byzantine failures. Yet, hBFT[3] promises a two-step consensus protocol with only 3f + 1 replicas. As a result, it violates safety property…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Nibesh Shrestha , Mohan Kumar , SiSi Duan

There is surge of interest to the blockchain technology not only in the scientific community but in the business community as well. Proof of Work (PoW) and Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) are the two main classes of consensus protocols that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Costas Busch

Byzantine fault tolerant protocols enable state replication in the presence of crashed, malfunctioning, or actively malicious processes. Designing such protocols without the assistance of verification tools, however, is remarkably…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Joel Wanner , Laurent Chuat , Adrian Perrig

We present Carnot, a leader-based Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocol that is responsive and operates under the partially synchronous model. Responsive BFT consensus protocols exhibit wire-speed operation and deliver…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Alexander Mozeika , Marcin P. Pawlowski , Ganesh Narayanaswamy

Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and secure method for storing and authenticating data, rendering it well-suited for various applications such as digital currencies, supply chain management, and voting systems. However, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mohammad R. Shakournia , Pooya Jamshidi , Hamid Reza Faragardi , Nasser Yazdani

This paper investigates leaderless binary majority consensus protocols with low computational complexity in noisy Byzantine infrastructures. Using computer simulations, we show that explicit randomization of the consensus protocol can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Angelo Capossele , Sebastian Mueller , Andreas Penzkofer

In this paper, we present Raptr--a Byzantine fault-tolerant state machine replication (BFT SMR) protocol that combines strong robustness with high throughput, while attaining near-optimal theoretical latency. Raptr delivers exceptionally…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Andrei Tonkikh , Balaji Arun , Zhuolun Xiang , Zekun Li , Alexander Spiegelman

We present Blizzard, a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) distributed ledger protocol that is aimed at making mobile devices first-class citizens in the consensus process. Blizzard introduces a novel two-tier architecture by having the mobile…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Mehrdad Kiamari , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Muhammad Naveed , Seokgu Yun

The increasing application and deployment of blockchain in various services necessitates the assurance of the effectiveness of PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus service. However, the performance of PBFT consensus service…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yujing Cai , Yukun Meng , Weimeng Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Xiaolin Chang

Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) protocol descriptions often assume application-layer networking primitives, such as best-effort and reliable broadcast, which are impossible to implement in practice in a Byzantine environment as they require…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Manu Drijvers , Tim Gretler , Yotam Harchol , Tobias Klenze , Ognjen Maric , Stefan Neamtu , Yvonne-Anne Pignolet , Rostislav Rumenov , Daniel Sharifi , Victor Shoup

HotStuff is a state-of-the-art Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus protocol. It can be pipelined to build large-scale blockchains. One of its variants called LibraBFT is adopted in Facebook's Libra blockchain. Although it is well known that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Jianyu Niu , Fangyu Gai , Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Chen Feng

We present new protocols for Byzantine state machine replication and Byzantine agreement in the synchronous and authenticated setting. The celebrated PBFT state machine replication protocol tolerates $f$ Byzantine faults in an asynchronous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Ittai Abraham , Srinivas Devadas , Danny Dolev , Kartik Nayak , Ling Ren

Distributed ledgers are common in the industry. Some of them can use blockchains as their underlying infrastructure. A blockchain requires participants to agree on its contents. This can be achieved via a consensus protocol, and several BFT…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-11-13 J. D. Chan , Y. C. Tay , Brian R. Z. Yen