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The notion of Kolmogorov complexity (=the minimal length of a program that generates some object) is often useful as a kind of language that allows us to reformulate some notions and therefore provide new intuition. In this survey we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-01 Alexander Shen

Research into active networking has provided the incentive to re-visit what has traditionally been classified as distinct properties and characteristics of information transfer such as protocol versus service; at a more fundamental level…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Stephen F. Bush

The Kolmogorov complexity of x, denoted C(x), is the length of the shortest program that generates x. For such a simple definition, Kolmogorov complexity has a rich and deep theory, as well as applications to a wide variety of topics…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Stephen Fenner , Lance Fortnow

By Kolmogorov Complexity,two number-theoretic problems are solved in different way than before,one problem is Maxim Kontsevich and Don Bernard Zagier's Problem 3 \emph{Exhibit at least one number which does not belong to} $ \mathcal{P}$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-24 Yang Bai , Xiuli Wang

We study operator complexity on various time scales with emphasis on those much larger than the scrambling period. We use, for systems with a large but finite number of degrees of freedom, the notion of K-complexity employed in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 J. L. F. Barbon , E. Rabinovici , R. Shir , R. Sinha

Although procedural generation is popular among game developers, academic research on the topic has primarily focused on new applications, with some research into empirical analysis. In this paper we relate theoretical work in information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Younès Rabii , Michael Cook

Motivated by the problem of finding finite versions of classical incompleteness theorems, we present some conjectures that go beyond ${\bf NP\neq co NP}$. These conjectures formally connect computational complexity with the difficulty of…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-05-22 Pavel Pudlak

In analogy of classical Kolmogorov complexity we develop a theory of the algorithmic information in bits contained in any one of continuously many pure quantum states: quantum Kolmogorov complexity. Classical Kolmogorov complexity coincides…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul Vitanyi

Kolmogorov Complexity constitutes an integral part of computability theory, information theory, and computational complexity theory -- in the discrete setting of bits and Turing machines. Over real numbers, on the other hand, the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-03-28 Martin Ziegler , Wouter M. Koolen

The ability to precisely quantify similarity between various entities has been a fundamental complication in various problem spaces specifically in the classification of cellular images. Contemporary similarity measures applied in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-04 D Yoan L. Mekontchou Yomba

The paper studies randomness extraction from sources with bounded independence and the issue of independence amplification of sources, using the framework of Kolmogorov complexity. The dependency of strings $x$ and $y$ is ${\rm dep}(x,y) =…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Marius Zimand

The main goal of this paper is to put some known results in a common perspective and to simplify their proofs. We start with a simple proof of a result from (Vereshchagin, 2002) saying that $\limsup_n\KS(x|n)$ (here $\KS(x|n)$ is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-21 Laurent Bienvenu , Andrej Muchnik , Alexander Shen , Nikolay Vereshchagin

We review and investigate some new problems and results in the field of dynamical systems generated by iteration of maps, {\beta}-transformations, partitions, group actions, bundle dynamical systems, Hasse-Kloosterman maps, and some aspects…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-04-12 Nikolaj Glazunov

An infinite binary sequence is Bennett deep if, for any computable time bound, the difference between the time-bounded prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity and the prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity of its initial segments is eventually…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Ang Li

We comment on a recent paper by D'Abramo [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 25 (2005) 29], focusing on the author's statement that an algorithm can produce a list of strings containing at least one string whose algorithmic complexity is greater…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-11-09 David Poulin , Hugo Touchette

In the first part of this paper, we present a unified framework for analyzing the algorithmic complexity of any optimization problem, whether it be continuous or discrete in nature. This helps to formalize notions like "input", "size" and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-06 Amitabh Basu

The incompressibility method is a counting argument in the framework of algorithmic complexity that permits discovering properties that are satisfied by most objects of a class. This paper gives a preliminary insight into Kolmogorov's…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Carles Cardó

Kolmogorov complexity theory is used to tell what the algorithmic informational content of a string is. It is defined as the length of the shortest program that describes the string. We present a programming language that can be used to…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-13 Noson S. Yanofsky

The state complexity of basic operations on finite languages (considering complete DFAs) has been in studied the literature. In this paper we study the incomplete (deterministic) state and transition complexity on finite languages of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-05 Eva Maia , Nelma Moreira , Rogério Reis

Reasoning with defeasible and conflicting knowledge in an argumentative form is a key research field in computational argumentation. Reasoning under various forms of uncertainty is both a key feature and a challenging barrier for automated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Andrei Popescu , Johannes P. Wallner