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We propose a black-box approach to reducing large semidefinite programs to a set of smaller semidefinite programs by projecting to random linear subspaces. We evaluate our method on a set of polynomial optimization problems, demonstrating…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Etienne Buehrle , Christoph Stiller

Existing Bayesian Optimization (BO) methods typically balance exploration and exploitation to optimize costly objective functions. However, these methods often suffer from a significant one-step bias, which may lead to convergence towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ruiyao Miao , Junren Xiao , Shiya Tsang , Hui Xiong , Yingnian Wu

We apply the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method for the efficient simulation of several scenarios undergone by Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems, involving nonlinearites of geometric and electrostatic nature. The former type of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Gobat G. , Opreni A. , Fresca S. , Manzoni A. , Frangi A

A wide spectrum of design and decision problems, including parameter tuning, A/B testing and drug design, intrinsically are instances of black-box optimization. Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful tool that models and optimizes such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Tianyi Bai , Yang Li , Yu Shen , Xinyi Zhang , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui

Black-box optimization (BBO) can be used to optimize functions whose analytic form is unknown. A common approach to realising BBO is to learn a surrogate model which approximates the target black-box function which can then be solved via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Jonas Nüßlein , Christoph Roch , Thomas Gabor , Jonas Stein , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien , Sebastian Feld

Black-box optimization is a powerful approach for discovering global optima in noisy and expensive black-box functions, a problem widely encountered in real-world scenarios. Recently, there has been a growing interest in leveraging domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Dat Phan-Trong , Hung The Tran , Alistair Shilton , Sunil Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive success in various applications. However, these models are often not well aligned with human intents, which calls for additional treatments on them; that is, the alignment problem. To make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Jiale Cheng , Xiao Liu , Kehan Zheng , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) is a powerful self-supervised strategy for visual pre-training without the use of labels. MIM applies random crops to input images, processes them with an encoder, and then recovers the masked inputs with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Maryam Haghighat , Peyman Moghadam , Shaheer Mohamed , Piotr Koniusz

The `spotoptim` package implements surrogate-model-based optimization of expensive black-box functions in Python. Building on two decades of Sequential Parameter Optimization (SPO) methodology, it provides a Kriging-based optimization loop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Thomas Bartz-Beielstein

Faced with problems of increasing complexity, recent research in Bayesian Optimisation (BO) has focused on adapting deep probabilistic models as flexible alternatives to Gaussian Processes (GPs). In a similar vein, this paper investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Alexandre Maraval , Matthieu Zimmer , Antoine Grosnit , Rasul Tutunov , Jun Wang , Haitham Bou Ammar

Multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) require the simultaneous optimization of conflicting objectives. Real-world MOPs often exhibit complex characteristics, including high-dimensional decision spaces, many objectives, or…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Haokai Hong , Liang Feng , Min Jiang , Kay Chen Tan

Black-box optimization algorithms have been widely used in various machine learning problems, including reinforcement learning and prompt fine-tuning. However, directly optimizing the training loss value, as commonly done in existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Feiyang Ye , Yueming Lyu , Xuehao Wang , Masashi Sugiyama , Yu Zhang , Ivor Tsang

We propose a multitask pretraining approach ZeroPrompt for zero-shot generalization, focusing on task scaling and zero-shot prompting. While previous models are trained on only a few dozen tasks, we scale to 1,000 tasks for the first time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Hanwei Xu , Yujun Chen , Yulun Du , Nan Shao , Yanggang Wang , Haiyu Li , Zhilin Yang

Optimization over the Stiefel manifold $\mathrm{St}(p,d)$, the set of $p \times d$ column-orthonormal matrices, is fundamental in statistics, machine learning, and scientific computing, yet remains challenging in the presence of non-convex,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Beomchang Kim , Subhrajyoty Roy , Priyam Das

Mapping is essential in robotics and autonomous systems because it provides the spatial foundation for path planning. Efficient mapping enables planning algorithms to generate reliable paths while ensuring safety and adapting in real time…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yihui Mao , Tian Tan , Xuehui Shen , Warren E. Dixon , Rushikesh Kamalapurkar

Offline optimization aims to maximize a black-box objective function with a static dataset and has wide applications. In addition to the objective function being black-box and expensive to evaluate, numerous complex real-world problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ke Xue , Rong-Xi Tan , Xiaobin Huang , Chao Qian

Machine learning has been widely applied in many aspects, but training a machine learning model is increasingly difficult. There are more optimization problems named "black-box" where the relationship between model parameters and outcomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Vu Tuan Hai

Proximal policy optimization (PPO) has yielded state-of-the-art results in policy search, a subfield of reinforcement learning, with one of its key points being the use of a surrogate objective function to restrict the step size at each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Wangshu Zhu , Andre Rosendo

We introduce a surrogate-based black-box optimization method, termed Polynomial-model-based optimization (PMBO). The algorithm alternates polynomial approximation with Bayesian optimization steps, using Gaussian processes to model the error…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-13 Janina Schreiber , Pau Batlle , Damar Wicaksono , Michael Hecht

Model-based reinforcement learning algorithms tend to achieve higher sample efficiency than model-free methods. However, due to the inevitable errors of learned models, model-based methods struggle to achieve the same asymptotic performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Qi Zhou , Houqiang Li , Jie Wang