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We obtain variants of the classical Minkowski Theorem on inhomogeneous approximation where we require moreover that the solutions $p, q$ be coprime integers. We link the subject with density exponents of lattice orbits in the real plane.

Let $u_n$ be a fixed non-degenerate binary recurrence sequence with positive discriminant, $w$ a fixed non-zero integer and $p_1,p_2,\dots,p_s$ fixed, distinct prime numbers. In this paper we consider the Diophantine equation $u_n+u_m=w…

In this article, we show that the quartic Diophantine equations $x^4 \pm pqy^4=\pm z^2$ and $ x^4 \pm pq y^4= \pm iz^2$ have only trivial solutions for some primes $p$ and $q$ satisfying conditions $ p \equiv 3 \pmod 8, ~ q \equiv 1 \pmod 8…

We describe a variational approach to a notion of Hamiltonian delay equations. Our delay Hamiltonians are of product form. We consider several examples. For closed symplectically aspherical symplectic manifolds $(M,\omega)$ we prove that…

We find all spectral type differential equations satisfied by the symmetric generalized ultraspherical polynomials which are orthogonal on the interval [-1,1] with respect to the classical symmetric weight function for the Jacobi…

Symmetries occur naturally in CSP or SAT problems and are not very difficult to discover, but using them to prune the search space tends to be very challenging. Indeed, this usually requires finding specific elements in a group of…

We use the Brauer-Manin obstruction to strong approximation on a punctured affine cone to explain a curious property of coprime integer solutions to a homogeneous Diophantine equation.

We present in this article a general approach (in the form of recommendations and guidelines) for tackling Diophantine equation problems (whether single equations or systems of simultaneous equations). The article should be useful in…

We consider Diophantine inequalities of the kind |f(x)| \le m, where F(X) \in Z[X] is a homogeneous polynomial which can be expressed as a product of d homogeneous linear forms in n variables with complex coefficients and m\ge 1. We say…

The main difficulty in solving the discrete constrained problem is its poor and even ill condition. In this paper, we transform the discrete constrained problems on de Rham complex to Laplace-like problems. This transformation not only make…

Magic-square constraints define Diophantine systems whose solutions, in several natural families, exhibit rigid periodic structure. We study this structure in an oracle setting, where a marked set of integers is given by black-box access…

This paper investigates the exponential Diophantine equation of the form $a^x+b=c^y$, where $a, b, c$ are given positive integers with $a,c \ge 2$, and $x,y$ are positive integer unknowns. We define this form as a "Type-I transcendental…

We show how to adapt the Hardy--Littlewood circle method to count monochromatic solutions to diagonal Diophantine equations. This delivers a lower bound which is optimal up to absolute constants. The method is illustrated on equations…

In recent years, we have seen several approaches to the graph isomorphism problem based on "generic" mathematical programming or algebraic (Gr\"obner basis) techniques. For most of these, lower bounds have been established. In fact, it has…

We study a general class of singular degenerate parabolic stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) which include, in particular, the stochastic porous medium equations and the stochastic fast diffusion equation. We propose a fully…

This work determine the entire family of positive integer solutions of the diophantine equation. The solution is described in terms of $\frac{(m-1)(m+n-2)}{2} $ or $\frac{(m-1)(m+n-1)}{2}$ positive parameters depending on $n$ even or odd.…

In this article, using DiPerna-Lions theory \cite{Di-Li}, we investigate linear second order stochastic partial differential equations with unbounded and degenerate non-smooth coefficients, and obtain several conditions for existence and…

We deeply investigate the Diophantine equation $cx^2+d^{2m+1}=2y^n$ in integers $x, y\geq 1, m\geq 0$ and $n\geq 3$, where $c$ and $d$ are given coprime positive integers such that $cd\not\equiv 3 \pmod 4$. We first solve this equation for…

This paper studies systems of linear difference equations on the lattice $\Z^n$ that are invariant under a finite group of symmetries, and shows that there exist solutions to such systems that are also invariant under this group of…

To any fixed, finite relational structure, $\mathbb{D}$, there is an associated decision problem, CSP$(\mathbb{D})$, which is a restricted version of the constraint satisfaction problem. In [8], the so called "algebraic approach" to the…