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Textual data annotation, the process of labeling or tagging text with relevant information, is typically costly, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential as direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yu-Min Tseng , Wei-Lin Chen , Chung-Chi Chen , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Recent methodologies in LLM self-training mostly rely on LLM generating responses and filtering those with correct output answers as training data. This approach often yields a low-quality fine-tuning training set (e.g., incorrect plans or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Dan Zhang , Sining Zhoubian , Ziniu Hu , Yisong Yue , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their problem-solving capabilities. However, these models still struggle when faced with complex multi-step reasoning tasks. In this paper, we propose the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 André de Souza Loureiro , Jorge Valverde-Rebaza , Julieta Noguez , David Escarcega , Ricardo Marcacini

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

Test-time scaling has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) with remarkable reasoning capabilities, particularly in mathematical domains, through intermediate chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning before generating final answers. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Binxin Gao , Jingjun Han

Current literature, aiming to surpass the "Chain-of-Thought" approach, often resorts to external modi operandi involving halting, modifying, and then resuming the generation process to boost Large Language Models' (LLMs) reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Bilgehan Sel , Ahmad Al-Tawaha , Vanshaj Khattar , Ruoxi Jia , Ming Jin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning with the emergence of reasoning models like OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1. Recent research focuses on integrating reasoning capabilities into the realm of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Qi Zhang , Shouqing Yang , Lirong Gao , Hao Chen , Xiaomeng Hu , Jinglei Chen , Jiexiang Wang , Sheng Guo , Bo Zheng , Haobo Wang , Junbo Zhao

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have been enhanced by training on data that reflects human thought processes, such as the Chain-of-Thought format. However, evidence suggests that the conventional scheme of next-word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Quang Hieu Pham , Thuy Duong Nguyen , Tung Pham , Anh Tuan Luu , Dat Quoc Nguyen

Improving the multi-step reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is a critical yet challenging task. The dominant paradigm, outcome-supervised reinforcement learning (RLVR), rewards only correct final answers, often propagating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Beining Wang , Weihang Su , Hongtao Tian , Tao Yang , Yujia Zhou , Ting Yao , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

While pre-trained language models achieve impressive performance on various NLP benchmarks, they still struggle with tasks that require numerical reasoning. Recent advances in improving numerical reasoning are mostly achieved using very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Jasivan Alex Sivakumar , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

Large language models (LLMs) are displaying emergent abilities for math reasoning tasks,and there is a growing attention on enhancing the ability of open-source LLMs through supervised fine-tuning (SFT).In this paper, we aim to explore a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zui Chen , Yezeng Chen , Jiaqi Han , Zhijie Huang , Ji Qi , Yi Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various domains but still struggle with arithmetic reasoning tasks. Recent work shows the effectiveness of prompt design methods in enhancing reasoning capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Wenting Tan , Dongxiao Chen , Jieting Xue , Zihao Wang , Taijie Chen

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown exceptional performance in multimodal tasks, but their effectiveness in complex visual reasoning is still constrained, especially when employing Chain-of-Thought prompting techniques. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Congzhi Zhang , Jiawei Peng , Zhenglin Wang , Yilong Lai , Haowen Sun , Heng Chang , Fei Ma , Weijiang Yu

Large Language Models (LLM) exhibit zero-shot mathematical reasoning capacity as a behavior emergent with scale, commonly manifesting as chain-of-thoughts (CoT) reasoning. However, multiple empirical findings suggest that this prowess is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Subhabrata Dutta , Joykirat Singh , Ishan Pandey , Sunny Manchanda , Soumen Chakrabarti , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Recent years have seen considerable advancements in multi-step reasoning with Large Language Models (LLMs). The previous studies have elucidated the merits of integrating feedback or search mechanisms during model inference to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Qianli Ma , Haotian Zhou , Tingkai Liu , Jianbo Yuan , Pengfei Liu , Yang You , Hongxia Yang

Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD) is an effective framework for solving complex optimization problems. The development of large language models (LLMs) enables the automated generation of heuristics. Existing LLM-based evolutionary methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hui Wang , Yang Liu , Xiaoyu Zhang , Chaoxu Mu

Recent advances in large language and vision-language models have enabled zero-shot inference, allowing models to solve new tasks without task-specific training. Various adaptation techniques such as prompt engineering, In-Context Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Artyom Gadetsky , Andrei Atanov , Yulun Jiang , Zhitong Gao , Ghazal Hosseini Mighan , Amir Zamir , Maria Brbic

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-4, have shown remarkable performance in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, including challenging mathematical reasoning. However, most existing open-source models are only pre-trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Haipeng Luo , Qingfeng Sun , Can Xu , Pu Zhao , Jianguang Lou , Chongyang Tao , Xiubo Geng , Qingwei Lin , Shifeng Chen , Yansong Tang , Dongmei Zhang

Recent AI advancements, such as OpenAI's new models, are transforming LLMs into LRMs (Large Reasoning Models) that perform reasoning during inference, taking extra time and compute for higher-quality outputs. We aim to uncover the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Guanghao Ye , Khiem Duc Pham , Xinzhi Zhang , Sivakanth Gopi , Baolin Peng , Beibin Li , Janardhan Kulkarni , Huseyin A. Inan

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities, yet still face the hallucination issue. Typical text generation approaches adopt an auto-regressive generation without deliberate reasoning, which often results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Xiaoxue Cheng , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen