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Simulation-based testing of autonomous driving systems (ADS) must uncover realistic and diverse failures in dense, heterogeneous traffic. However, existing search-based seeding methods (e.g., genetic algorithms) struggle in high-dimensional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Linfeng Liang , Xiao Cheng , Tsong Yueh Chen , Xi Zheng

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have significantly advanced in real-world deployment in recent years, yet safety continues to be a critical barrier to widespread adoption. Traditional functional safety approaches, which primarily verify the…

Autonomous vehicles (AV) look set to become common on our roads within the next few years. However, to achieve the final breakthrough, not only functional progress is required, but also satisfactory safety assurance must be provided. Among…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Peter Popov , Lorenzo Strigini , Cornelius Buerkle , Fabian Oboril , Michael Paulitsch

Driving safety is a top priority for autonomous vehicles. Orthogonal to prior work handling accident-prone traffic events by algorithm designs at the policy level, we investigate a Closed-loop Adversarial Training (CAT) framework for safe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Linrui Zhang , Zhenghao Peng , Quanyi Li , Bolei Zhou

In order for autonomous vehicles to become a part of the Intelligent Transportation Ecosystem, they are required to guarantee a particular level of safety. For that to happen a safe vehicle control algorithms need to be developed, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Vladislav Kibalov , Oleg Shipitko

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) are safety-critical, as real-world safety violations can result in significant losses. Rigorous testing is essential before deployment, with simulation testing playing a key role. However, ADSs are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Linfeng Liang , Xi Zheng

We present Pylot, a platform for autonomous vehicle (AV) research and development, built with the goal to allow researchers to study the effects of the latency and accuracy of their models and algorithms on the end-to-end driving behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ionel Gog , Sukrit Kalra , Peter Schafhalter , Matthew A. Wright , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Ion Stoica

Recently, a number of simulation testing approaches have been proposed to generate diverse driving scenarios for autonomous driving systems (ADSs) testing. However, the behaviors of NPC vehicles in these scenarios generated by previous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-25 You Lu , Yifan Tian , Dingji Wang , Bihuan Chen , Xin Peng

Automated driving systems (ADS) are expected to be reliable and robust against a wide range of driving scenarios. Their decisions, first and foremost, must be well understood. Understanding a decision made by ADS is a great challenge,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Quang-Hung Luu , Huai Liu , Tsong Yueh Chen , Hai L. Vu

While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have established the fundamentals of DNN-based autonomous driving systems, they may exhibit erroneous behaviors and cause fatal accidents. To resolve the safety issues of autonomous driving systems, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Mengshi Zhang , Yuqun Zhang , Lingming Zhang , Cong Liu , Sarfraz Khurshid

Autonomous vehicles (AV) depend on the sensors like RADAR and camera for the perception of the environment, path planning, and control. With the increasing autonomy and interactions with the complex environment, there have been growing…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Abu Hasnat Mohammad Rubaiyat , Yongming Qin , Homa Alemzadeh

The growing advancements in Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have emphasized the critical need to prioritize the absolute safety of AV maneuvers, especially in dynamic and unpredictable environments or situations. This objective becomes even more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Dimia Iberraken , Lounis Adouane

With the growing technological advances in autonomous driving, the transport industry and research community seek to determine the impact that autonomous vehicles (AV) will have on consumers, as well as identify the different factors that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Walter Morales Alvarez , Nikita Smirnov , Elmar Matthes , Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

Decision-making for autonomous driving is challenging, considering the complex interactions among multiple traffic agents (e.g., autonomous vehicles (AVs), human drivers, and pedestrians) and the computational load needed to evaluate these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-13 Mushuang Liu , Ilya Kolmanovsky , H. Eric Tseng , Suzhou Huang , Dimitar Filev , Anouck Girard

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) promise a range of societal advantages, including broader access to mobility, reduced road accidents, and enhanced transportation efficiency. However, evaluating the risks linked to AVs is complex due to limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Alessandro Zanardi , Andrea Censi , Margherita Atzei , Luigi Di Lillo , Emilio Frazzoli

Despite rapid advances in autonomous driving technology, current autonomous vehicles (AVs) lack effective bidirectional human-machine communication, limiting their ability to personalize the riding experience and recover from uncertain or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhipeng Bao , Qianwen Li

Safety-critical corner cases, difficult to collect in the real world, are crucial for evaluating end-to-end autonomous driving. Adversarial interaction is an effective method to generate such safety-critical corner cases. While existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaheng Geng , Jiatong Du , Xinyu Zhang , Ye Li , Panqu Wang , Yanjun Huang

As industrial autonomous ground vehicles are increasingly deployed in safety-critical environments, ensuring their safe operation under diverse conditions is paramount. This paper presents a novel approach for their safety verification…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Nawshin Mannan Proma , Gricel Vázquez , Sepeedeh Shahbeigi , Arjun Badyal , Victoria Hodge

The scenario-based testing of operational vehicle safety presents a set of principal other vehicle (POV) trajectories that seek to force the subject vehicle (SV) into a certain safety-critical situation. Current scenarios are mostly (i)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Linda Capito , Bowen Weng , Umit Ozguner , Keith Redmill

Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) have seen rapid progress in recent years. To ensure the safety and reliability of these systems, extensive testings are being conducted before their future mass deployment. Testing the system on the road is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Ziyuan Zhong , Yun Tang , Yuan Zhou , Vania de Oliveira Neves , Yang Liu , Baishakhi Ray