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The use of Neural Networks (NNs) for sensitive data processing is becoming increasingly popular, raising concerns about data privacy and security. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) has the potential to be used as a solution to preserve data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Ivone Amorim , Eva Maia , Pedro Barbosa , Isabel Praça

Federated Learning trains machine learning models on distributed devices by aggregating local model updates instead of local data. However, privacy concerns arise as the aggregated local models on the server may reveal sensitive personal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Weizhao Jin , Yuhang Yao , Shanshan Han , Jiajun Gu , Carlee Joe-Wong , Srivatsan Ravi , Salman Avestimehr , Chaoyang He

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a cryptographic scheme that enables computations to be performed directly on encrypted data, as if the data were in plaintext. After all computations are performed on the encrypted data, it can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ronny Ko

This paper tackles the problem of ensuring training data privacy in a federated learning context. Relying on Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Differential Privacy (DP), we propose a framework addressing threats on the privacy of the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Arnaud Grivet Sébert , Renaud Sirdey , Oana Stan , Cédric Gouy-Pailler

Data privacy is a significant concern when using numerical simulations for sensitive information such as medical, financial, or engineering data -- especially in untrusted environments like public cloud infrastructures. Fully homomorphic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Arseniy Kholod , Yuriy Polyakov , Michael Schlottke-Lakemper

Deep learning (DL) approaches are achieving extraordinary results in a wide range of domains, but often require a massive collection of private data. Hence, methods for training neural networks on the joint data of different data owners,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Derian Boer , Stefan Kramer

The growing use of machine learning in cloud environments raises critical concerns about data security and privacy, especially in finance. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) offers a solution by enabling computations on encrypted data, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Faneela , Baraq Ghaleb , Jawad Ahmad , William J. Buchanan , Sana Ullah Jan

Decentralized deep learning plays a key role in collaborative model training due to its attractive properties, including tolerating high network latency and less prone to single-point failures. Unfortunately, such a training mode is more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Guowen Xu , Guanlin Li , Shangwei Guo , Tianwei Zhang , Hongwei Li

Precision medicine is an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that delivers personalized care to individual patients by considering their genetic makeups, medical histories, environments, and lifestyles. Despite the rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 William Briguglio , Parisa Moghaddam , Waleed A. Yousef , Issa Traore , Mohammad Mamun

Homomorphic encryption (HE) and secret sharing (SS) enable computations on encrypted data, providing significant privacy benefits for large transformer-based models (TBM) in sensitive sectors like medicine and finance. However, private TBM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yuntian Chen , Zhanyong Tang , Tianpei Lu , Bingsheng Zhang , Zhiying Shi , Zheng Wang

Incorporating fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) into the inference process of a convolutional neural network (CNN) draws enormous attention as a viable approach for achieving private inference (PI). FHE allows delegating the entire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jaiyoung Park , Donghwan Kim , Jongmin Kim , Sangpyo Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Jung Hee Cheon , Jung Ho Ahn

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows a third party to perform arbitrary computations on encrypted data, learning neither the inputs nor the computation results. Hence, it provides resilience in situations where computations are carried…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Alexander Viand , Patrick Jattke , Anwar Hithnawi

Federated learning (FL) with fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) effectively safeguards data privacy during model aggregation by encrypting local model updates before transmission, mitigating threats from untrusted servers or eavesdroppers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiangchen Meng , Yangdi Lyu

Traditional AI methodologies necessitate centralized data collection, which becomes impractical when facing problems with network communication, data privacy, or storage capacity. Federated Learning (FL) offers a paradigm that empowers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Konstantin Burlachenko , Abdulmajeed Alrowithi , Fahad Ali Albalawi , Peter Richtarik

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables a simple, attractive framework for secure search. Compared to other secure search systems, no costly setup procedure is necessary; it is sufficient for the client merely to upload the encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Seung Geol Choi , Dana Dachman-Soled , S. Dov Gordon , Linsheng Liu , Arkady Yerukhimovich

We present the first theoretical convergence analysis of machine learning training under fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), combined with a differentially private (DP) training algorithm tailored to encrypted computation. Our approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yvonne Zhou , Mingyu Liang , Ivan Brugere , Danial Dervovic , Yue Guo , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Min Wu , Dana Dachman-Soled

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computations to be performed directly on encrypted data without needing to decrypt it first. This "encryption-in-use" feature is crucial for securely outsourcing computations in privacy-sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Muhammad Husni Santriaji , Jiaqi Xue , Qian Lou , Yan Solihin

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that promises privacy by keeping the data on the device. However, gradient reconstruction and membership-inference attacks show that model updates still leak information.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Pedro Correia , Ivan Silva , Ivone Amorim , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is one of the prospective tools for privacypreserving machine learning (PPML), and several PPML models have been proposed based on various FHE schemes and approaches. Although the FHE schemes are known as…

In sectors such as finance and healthcare, where data governance is subject to rigorous regulatory requirements, the exchange and utilization of data are particularly challenging. Federated Learning (FL) has risen as a pioneering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Siyang Jiang , Hao Yang , Qipeng Xie , Chuan Ma , Sen Wang , Guoliang Xing