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We present the first undetectable watermarking scheme for generative image models. Undetectability ensures that no efficient adversary can distinguish between watermarked and un-watermarked images, even after making many adaptive queries.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Sam Gunn , Xuandong Zhao , Dawn Song

Text-to-image generative models, especially those based on latent diffusion models (LDMs), have demonstrated outstanding ability in generating high-quality and high-resolution images from textual prompts. With this advancement, various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yingqian Cui , Jie Ren , Yuping Lin , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Lingjuan Lyu , Wenqi Fan , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

In light of recent advancements in generative AI models, it has become essential to distinguish genuine content from AI-generated one to prevent the malicious usage of fake materials as authentic ones and vice versa. Various techniques have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Mehrdad Saberi , Vinu Sankar Sadasivan , Keivan Rezaei , Aounon Kumar , Atoosa Chegini , Wenxiao Wang , Soheil Feizi

The ethical need to protect AI-generated content has been a significant concern in recent years. While existing watermarking strategies have demonstrated success in detecting synthetic content (detection), there has been limited exploration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Rui Min , Sen Li , Hongyang Chen , Minhao Cheng

Image generative models have become increasingly popular, but training them requires large datasets that are costly to collect and curate. To circumvent these costs, some parties may exploit existing models by using the generated images as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Michel Meintz , Jan Dubiński , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

As large language models (LLMs) grow more powerful, concerns over copyright infringement of LLM-generated texts have intensified. LLM watermarking has been proposed to trace unauthorized redistribution or resale of generated content by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qihao Lin , Chen Tang , Lan zhang , Junyang zhang , Xiangyang Li

Due to the rapid growth of machine learning tools and specifically deep networks in various computer vision and image processing areas, application of Convolutional Neural Networks for watermarking have recently emerged. In this paper, we…

Text-to-image generative models have made remarkable advancements in generating high-quality images. However, generated images often contain undesirable artifacts or other errors due to model limitations. Existing techniques to fine-tune…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Peyman Gholami , Robert Xiao

With the rise of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms,safeguarding the intellectual property of deep learning models is becoming paramount. Among various protective measures, trigger set watermarking has emerged as a flexible and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wentao Hu , Fangqi Li , Ju Jia , Shilin Wang

We introduce the first watermark tailored for diffusion language models (DLMs), an emergent LLM paradigm able to generate tokens in arbitrary order, in contrast to standard autoregressive language models (ARLMs) which generate tokens…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Thibaud Gloaguen , Robin Staab , Nikola Jovanović , Martin Vechev

Existing approaches for watermarking AI-generated images often rely on post-hoc methods applied in pixel space, introducing computational overhead and potential visual artifacts. In this work, we explore latent space watermarking and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Tuan Tran , Valeriu Lacatusu , Pierre Fernandez , Tomáš Souček , Nikola Jovanović , Tom Sander , Hady Elsahar , Alexandre Mourachko

Video diffusion models can generate realistic and temporally consistent videos. This raises concerns about provenance, ownership, and integrity. Watermarking can help address these issues by embedding metadata directly into the content. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mohammadreza Teymoorianfard , Siddarth Sitaraman , Shiqing Ma , Amir Houmansadr

The rapid proliferation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is driving a surge in model watermarking technologies, as the trained models themselves constitute valuable intellectual property. Existing watermarking approaches primarily focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dongdong Lin , Yue Li , Benedetta Tondi , Kaiqing Lin , Bin Li , Mauro Barni

Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) has advanced significantly, particularly with the development of video generation models such as text-to-video (T2V) models and image-to-video (I2V) models. However, like other AIGC types,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Runyi Hu , Jie Zhang , Yiming Li , Jiwei Li , Qing Guo , Han Qiu , Tianwei Zhang

Today, the family of latent diffusion models (LDMs) has gained prominence for its high quality outputs and scalability. This has also raised security concerns on social media, as malicious users can create and disseminate harmful content.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guokai Zhang , Lanjun Wang , Yuting Su , An-An Liu

Invisible watermarks safeguard images' copyrights by embedding hidden messages only detectable by owners. They also prevent people from misusing images, especially those generated by AI models. We propose a family of regeneration attacks to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xuandong Zhao , Kexun Zhang , Zihao Su , Saastha Vasan , Ilya Grishchenko , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna , Yu-Xiang Wang , Lei Li

In the expanding field of generative artificial intelligence, integrating robust watermarking technologies is essential to protect intellectual property and maintain content authenticity. Traditionally, watermarking techniques have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Renyi Yang

Generative AI models pose a significant challenge to intellectual property (IP), as they can replicate unique artistic styles and concepts without attribution. While watermarking offers a potential solution, existing methods often fail in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Li Zhang , Shruti Agarwal , John Collomosse , Pengtao Xie , Vishal Asnani

AI-generated content (AIGC) enables efficient visual creation but raises copyright and authenticity risks. As a common technique for integrity verification and source tracing, digital image watermarking is regarded as a potential solution…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yuzhuo Chen , Zehua Ma , Han Fang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Watermarking of large language models (LLMs) generation embeds an imperceptible statistical pattern within texts, making it algorithmically detectable. Watermarking is a promising method for addressing potential harm and biases from LLMs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Lingjie Chen , Ruizhong Qiu , Siyu Yuan , Zhining Liu , Tianxin Wei , Hyunsik Yoo , Zhichen Zeng , Deqing Yang , Hanghang Tong