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Interpretability tools that offer explanations in the form of a dialogue have demonstrated their efficacy in enhancing users' understanding (Slack et al., 2023; Shen et al., 2023), as one-off explanations may fall short in providing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Qianli Wang , Tatiana Anikina , Nils Feldhus , Josef van Genabith , Leonhard Hennig , Sebastian Möller

A peculiarity of conversational search systems is that they involve mixed-initiatives such as system-generated query clarifying questions. Evaluating those systems at a large scale on the end task of IR is very challenging, requiring…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Pierre Erbacher , Jian-Yun Nie , Philippe Preux , Laure Soulier

Conversational agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming integral to our daily interactions, generating unprecedented amounts of conversational data. Such datasets offer a powerful lens into societal interests,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wentao Zhang , Woojeong Kim , Yuntian Deng

Conversational Assistants (CA) are increasingly supporting human workers in knowledge management. Traditionally, CAs respond in specific ways to predefined user intents and conversation patterns. However, this rigidness does not handle the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Samuel Kernan Freire , Chaofan Wang , Evangelos Niforatos

To evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) for question answering (QA), traditional methods typically focus on assessing single-turn responses to given questions. However, this approach doesn't capture the dynamic nature of human-AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ruosen Li , Ruochen Li , Barry Wang , Xinya Du

Social chatbots have become essential intelligent companions in daily scenarios ranging from emotional support to personal interaction. However, conventional chatbots with passive response mechanisms usually rely on users to initiate or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zihan Niu , Zheyong Xie , Shaosheng Cao , Chonggang Lu , Zheyu Ye , Tong Xu , Zuozhu Liu , Yan Gao , Jia Chen , Zhe Xu , Yi Wu , Yao Hu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tutoring chatbots, showing promise in providing broad access to high-quality personalized education. Existing works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Alexander Scarlatos , Ryan S. Baker , Andrew Lan

With the improvements in speech recognition and voice generation technologies over the last years, a lot of companies have sought to develop conversation understanding systems that run on mobile phones or smart home devices through natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Mohammad Aliannejadi , Manajit Chakraborty , Esteban Andrés Ríssola , Fabio Crestani

Large language models (LLMs) excel at answering questions but remain passive learners-absorbing static data without the ability to question and refine knowledge. This paper explores how LLMs can transition to interactive, question-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aum Kendapadi , Kerem Zaman , Rakesh R. Menon , Shashank Srivastava

Large Language Models (LLMs) often do not perform well on queries that require the aggregation of information across texts. To better evaluate this setting and facilitate modeling efforts, we introduce TACT - Text And Calculations through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Avi Caciularu , Alon Jacovi , Eyal Ben-David , Sasha Goldshtein , Tal Schuster , Jonathan Herzig , Gal Elidan , Amir Globerson

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) has shown great potential to develop more powerful conversational recommender systems (CRSs), which rely on natural language conversations to satisfy user needs. In this paper, we embark on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xiaolei Wang , Xinyu Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jingyuan Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with information retrieval capabilities (i.e., Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)) has proven beneficial for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, understanding users' contextual search intent when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nirmal Roy , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Rexhina Blloshmi , Kevin Small

While conversing with chatbots, humans typically tend to ask many questions, a significant portion of which can be answered by referring to large-scale knowledge graphs (KG). While Question Answering (QA) and dialog systems have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Amrita Saha , Vardaan Pahuja , Mitesh M. Khapra , Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Sarath Chandar

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of AI-powered tutoring systems that provide interactive support via dialogue. To enable these tutoring systems to provide personalized support, it is essential to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shuyan Huang , Alexander Scarlatos , Jaewook Lee , Andrew Lan

As large language models (LLMs) develop anthropomorphic abilities, they are increasingly being deployed as autonomous agents to interact with humans. However, evaluating their performance in realistic and complex social interactions remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shuai Huang , Wenxuan Zhao , Jun Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have displayed massive improvements in reasoning and decision-making skills and can hold natural conversations with users. Many recent works seek to augment LLM-based assistants with external tools so they can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Nicholas Farn , Richard Shin

In the era of large language models (LLMs), a vast amount of conversation logs will be accumulated thanks to the rapid development trend of language UI. Conversation Analysis (CA) strives to uncover and analyze critical information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Xinghua Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Yongbin Li , Minzheng Wang , Longze Chen , Fei Huang

As one promising way to inquire about any particular information through a dialog with the bot, question answering dialog systems have gained increasing research interests recently. Designing interactive QA systems has always been a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Munazza Zaib , Dai Hoang Tran , Subhash Sagar , Adnan Mahmood , Wei E. Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong conversational abilities. In this Working Paper, we study them in the context of debating in two ways: their ability to perform in a structured debate along with a dataset of arguments to use…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Anthony Miyaguchi , Conor Johnston , Aaryan Potdar

Automatic evaluation is an integral aspect of dialogue system research. The traditional reference-based NLG metrics are generally found to be unsuitable for dialogue assessment. Consequently, recent studies have suggested various unique,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Yiming Chen , Malu Zhang , Haizhou Li