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Where information grows abundant, attention becomes a scarce resource. As a result, agents must plan wisely how to allocate their attention in order to achieve epistemic efficiency. Here, we present a framework for multi-agent epistemic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Gaia Belardinelli , Rasmus K. Rendsvig

How do people understand and evaluate claims about others' beliefs, even though these beliefs cannot be directly observed? In this paper, we introduce a cognitive model of epistemic language interpretation, grounded in Bayesian inferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Lance Ying , Tan Zhi-Xuan , Lionel Wong , Vikash Mansinghka , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

This paper makes a first step towards a logic of learning from experiments. For this, we investigate formal frameworks for modeling the interaction of causal and (qualitative) epistemic reasoning. Crucial for our approach is the idea that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Fausto Barbero , Katrin Schulz , Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada , Kaibo Xie

Despite the increasing diffusion of the Internet technology, TV remains the principal medium of communication. People's perceptions, knowledge, beliefs and opinions about matter of facts get (in)formed through the information reported on by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-02-14 Walter Quattrociocchi , Rosaria Conte , Elena Lodi

This paper presents a plausible reasoning system to illustrate some broad issues in knowledge representation: dualities between different reasoning forms, the difficulty of unifying complementary reasoning styles, and the approximate nature…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Wray L. Buntine

When collaborating with multiple parties, communicating relevant information is of utmost importance to efficiently completing the tasks at hand. Under active inference, communication can be cast as sharing beliefs between free-energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ozan Catal , Toon Van de Maele , Riddhi J. Pitliya , Mahault Albarracin , Candice Pattisapu , Tim Verbelen

Semantic communication shifts the focus from bit-level accuracy to task-relevant semantic delivery, enabling efficient and intelligent communication for next-generation networks. However, existing multi-modal solutions often process all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yujie Zhou , Cheng Peng , Rulong Wang , Yong Xiao , Yingyu Li , Guangming Shi , Ping Zhang

Humans currently use arguments for explaining choices which are already made, or for evaluating potential choices. Each potential choice has usually pros and cons of various strengths. In spite of the usefulness of arguments in a decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Leila Amgoud , Henri Prade

Modal logics allow reasoning about various modes of truth: for example, what it means for something to be possibly true, or to know that something is true as opposed to merely believing it. This report describes embeddings of propositional…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-16 John Rushby

A network of agents attempt to learn some unknown state of the world drawn by nature from a finite set. Agents observe private signals conditioned on the true state, and form beliefs about the unknown state accordingly. Each agent may face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Shahin Shahrampour , Mohammad Amin Rahimian , Ali Jadbabaie

Many AI applications involve the interaction of multiple autonomous agents, requiring those agents to reason about their own beliefs, as well as those of other agents. However, planning involving nested beliefs is known to be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Christian Muise , Vaishak Belle , Paolo Felli , Sheila McIlraith , Tim Miller , Adrian R. Pearce , Liz Sonenberg

The aim of this study is to formally express awareness for modeling practical agent communication. The notion of awareness has been proposed as a set of propositions for each agent, to which he/she pays attention, and has contributed to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yudai Kubono , Teeradaj Racharak , Satoshi Tojo

We introduce a new semantics for a multi-agent epistemic operator of knowing how, based on an indistinguishability relation between plans. Our proposal is, arguably, closer to the standard presentation of knowing that modalities in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Carlos Areces , Raul Fervari , Andrés R. Saravia , Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada

Self-stabilization is a versatile approach to fault-tolerance since it permits a distributed system to recover from any transient fault that arbitrarily corrupts the contents of all memories in the system. Byzantine tolerance is an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-02-11 Swan Dubois , Toshimitsu Masuzawa , Sébastien Tixeuil

Standard epistemic logics introduce a modal operator K to represent knowledge, but in doing so they presuppose the logical apparatus they aim to explain. By contrast, this paper explores how logic may be derived from the structure of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Alexader V. Gheorghiu , Tao Gu

The recent advances in sensor technologies and smart devices enable the collaborative collection of a sheer volume of data from multiple information sources. As a promising tool to efficiently extract useful information from such big data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Richeng Jin , Xiaofan He , Huaiyu Dai

For tasks where the dynamics of multiple agents are physically coupled, e.g., in cooperative manipulation, the coordination between the individual agents becomes crucial, which requires exact knowledge of the interaction dynamics. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Pablo Budde gen. Dohmann , Armin Lederer , Marcel Dißemond , Sandra Hirche

We consider the problem of maximizing the throughput of Byzantine consensus, when communication links have finite capacity. Byzantine consensus is a classical problem in distributed computing. In existing literature, the communication links…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-04-04 Guanfeng Liang , Nitin Vaidya

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where good decisions require forming beliefs over the probability of unknown outcomes. However, it is unclear whether LLMs act as if they hold coherent beliefs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Khurram Yamin , Jingjing Tang , Santiago Cortes-Gomez , Amit Sharma , Eric Horvitz , Bryan Wilder

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly collaborate over peer-to-peer networks to improve their reliability. However, these same interactions can also become a source of vulnerability, as unreliable or Byzantine agents may sway…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haejoon Lee , Vincent-Daniel Yun , Hyeonho Oh , Dimitra Panagou , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy