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We introduce Neural Optimal Design of Experiments, a learning-based framework for optimal experimental design in inverse problems that avoids classical bilevel optimization and indirect sparsity regularization. NODE jointly trains a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 John E. Darges , Babak Maboudi Afkham , Matthias Chung

Residual neural networks (ResNets) are a promising class of deep neural networks that have shown excellent performance for a number of learning tasks, e.g., image classification and recognition. Mathematically, ResNet architectures can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-26 S. Günther , L. Ruthotto , J. B. Schroder , E. C. Cyr , N. R. Gauger

Inverse problems are pervasive mathematical methods in inferring knowledge from observational and experimental data by leveraging simulations and models. Unlike direct inference methods, inverse problem approaches typically require many…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-12-20 Sheroze Sheriffdeen , Jean C. Ragusa , Jim E. Morel , Marvin L. Adams , Tan Bui-Thanh

Neural networks have become a prominent approach to solve inverse problems in recent years. Amongst the different existing methods, the Deep Image/Inverse Priors (DIPs) technique is an unsupervised approach that optimizes a highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Nathan Buskulic , Yvain Quéau , Jalal Fadili

Besides classical feed-forward neural networks such as multilayer perceptrons, also neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) have gained particular interest in recent years. Neural ODEs can be interpreted as an infinite depth…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Christian Kuehn , Sara-Viola Kuntz

Discriminative learning based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) aims to perform image restoration by learning from training examples of noisy-clean image pairs. It has become the go-to methodology for tackling image restoration and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Junaid Malik , Serkan Kiranyaz , Moncef Gabbouj

Neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) can effectively learn dynamical systems from time series data, but their behavior on graph-structured data remains poorly understood, especially when applied to graphs with different size…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-10 Moritz Laber , Tina Eliassi-Rad , Brennan Klein

Modeling the distribution of natural images is a landmark problem in unsupervised learning. This task requires an image model that is at once expressive, tractable and scalable. We present a deep neural network that sequentially predicts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-22 Aaron van den Oord , Nal Kalchbrenner , Koray Kavukcuoglu

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) are an effective approach for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems arising from simulations and experiments. One of the major shortcomings of NODEs, especially when coupled with explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Allen Alvarez Loya , Daniel A. Serino , J. W. Burby , Qi Tang

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can provide mechanistic models of temporally local changes of processes, where parameters are often informed by external knowledge. While ODEs are popular in systems modeling, they are less established…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-10 Maren Hackenberg , Astrid Pechmann , Clemens Kreutz , Janbernd Kirschner , Harald Binder

We propose a reduced-order modeling approach for nonlinear, parameter-dependent ordinary differential equations (ODE). Dimensionality reduction is achieved using nonlinear maps represented by autoencoders. The resulting low-dimensional ODE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Enrico Ballini , Marco Gambarini , Alessio Fumagalli , Luca Formaggia , Anna Scotti , Paolo Zunino

Deep neural networks have been successful in diverse discriminative classification tasks, although, they are poorly calibrated often assigning high probability to misclassified predictions. Potential consequences could lead to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-06 John Mitros , Arjun Pakrashi , Brian Mac Namee

Machine learning approaches for solving partial differential equations require learning mappings between function spaces. While convolutional or graph neural networks are constrained to discretized functions, neural operators present a…

We proposed a framework for solving inverse problems in differential equations based on neural networks and automatic differentiation. Neural networks are used to approximate hidden fields. We analyze the source of errors in the framework…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Kailai Xu , Eric Darve

We develop a theoretical analysis for special neural network architectures, termed operator recurrent neural networks, for approximating nonlinear functions whose inputs are linear operators. Such functions commonly arise in solution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-05 Maarten V. de Hoop , Matti Lassas , Christopher A. Wong

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) have been recently proposed as a promising approach for nonlinear system identification tasks. In this work, we systematically compare their predictive performance with current state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Aowabin Rahman , Ján Drgoňa , Aaron Tuor , Jan Strube

Differential equations are used to model problems that originate in disciplines such as physics, biology, chemistry, and engineering. In recent times, due to the abundance of data, there is an active search for data-driven methods to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 K. D. Olumoyin

Stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are pervasive in many science and engineering fields, yet standard neural ODE approaches struggle to learn them. This limitation is the main barrier to the widespread adoption of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Colby Fronk , Linda Petzold

We study the problem of learning neural network models for Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with parametric uncertainties. Such neural network models capture the solution to the ODE over a given set of parameters, initial conditions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chandra Kanth Nagesh , Sriram Sankaranarayanan , Ramneet Kaur , Tuhin Sahai , Susmit Jha

Machine learning algorithms have been successfully used to approximate nonlinear maps under weak assumptions on the structure and properties of the maps. We present deep neural networks using dense and convolutional layers to solve an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-05 Johann Rudi , Julie Bessac , Amanda Lenzi