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Measurements that occur within the internal layers of a quantum circuit -- mid-circuit measurements -- are an important quantum computing primitive, most notably for quantum error correction. Mid-circuit measurements have both classical and…

Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) methods aim at identifying, i.e. estimating, a quantum process. QPT is a major quantum information processing tool, since it especially allows one to experimentally characterize the actual behavior of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Yannick Deville , Alain Deville

With the capability to find the best fit to arbitrarily complicated data patterns, machine-learning (ML) enhanced quantum state tomography (QST) has demonstrated its advantages in extracting complete information about the quantum states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Hsien-Yi Hsieh , Jingyu Ning , Yi-Ru Chen , Hsun-Chung Wu , Hua Li Chen , Chien-Ming Wu , Ray-Kuang Lee

Reconstructing quantum states from measurement data represents a formidable challenge in quantum information science, especially as system sizes grow beyond the reach of traditional tomography methods. While recent studies have explored…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Shabnam Jabeen , Dmytro Kurdydyk , Aadi Palnitkar , Mihir Talati , Jeffrey Yan , Jinghong Yang

Flexible characterization techniques that identify and quantify experimental imperfections under realistic assumptions are crucial for the development of quantum computers. Gate set tomography is a characterization approach that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Raphael Brieger , Ingo Roth , Martin Kliesch

Quantum state tomography (QST) is a challenging task in intermediate-scale quantum devices. Here, we apply conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs) to QST. In the CGAN framework, two duelling neural networks, a generator and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Shahnawaz Ahmed , Carlos Sánchez Muñoz , Franco Nori , Anton Frisk Kockum

Artificial neural networks have achieved great success in many fields ranging from image recognition to video understanding. However, its high requirements for computing and memory resources have limited further development on processing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Yanxuan Lü , Qing Gao , Jinhu Lü , Maciej Ogorzałek , Jin Zheng

The characterization of a unitary gate is experimentally accomplished via Quantum Process Tomography, which combines the outcomes of different projective measurements to reconstruct the underlying operator. The process matrix is typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Tareq Jaouni , Francesco Di Colandrea , Lorenzo Amato , Filippo Cardano , Ebrahim Karimi

Machine learning can be substantially powered by a quantum computer owing to its huge Hilbert space and inherent quantum parallelism. In the pursuit of quantum advantages for machine learning with noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices,…

Implicit neural representations have shown potential in various applications. However, accurately reconstructing the image or providing clear details via image super-resolution remains challenging. This paper introduces Quantum Fourier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Hongni Jin , Gurinder Singh , Kenneth M. Merz

Adaptive techniques have important potential for wide applications in enhancing precision of quantum parameter estimation. We present a recursively adaptive quantum state tomography (RAQST) protocol for finite dimensional quantum systems…

Understanding the theoretical capabilities and limitations of quantum machine learning (QML) models to solve machine learning tasks is crucial to advancing both quantum software and hardware developments. Similarly to the classical setting,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Qiuhao Chen , Yuling Jiao , Yinan Li , Xiliang Lu , Jerry Zhijian Yang

The efficiency of Quantum Characterisation, Verification, and Validation (QCVV) protocols highly hinges on the agreement between the assumed noise model and the underlying error mechanisms. As a matter of fact, errors in Quantum Processing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Ahmed Abid Moueddene , Nader Khammassi , Sebastian Feld , Said Hamdioui

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the gold standard technique for obtaining an estimate for the state of small quantum systems in the laboratory. Its application to systems with more than a few constituents (e.g. particles) soon becomes…

Machine Learning (ML) has been widely applied across numerous domains due to its ability to automatically identify informative patterns from data for various tasks. The availability of large-scale data and advanced computational power…

Along with the development of AI democratization, the machine learning approach, in particular neural networks, has been applied to wide-range applications. In different application scenarios, the neural network will be accelerated on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-21 Weiwen Jiang , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi

Quantum computers are next-generation devices that hold promise to perform calculations beyond the reach of classical computers. A leading method towards achieving this goal is through quantum machine learning, especially quantum generative…

Quantum machine learning is a promising direction for building more efficient and expressive models, particularly in domains where understanding complex, structured data is critical. We present the Quantum Graph Transformer (QGT), a hybrid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shamminuj Aktar , Andreas Bärtschi , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy , Stephan Eidenbenz

Quantum generative models offer a promising new direction in machine learning by leveraging quantum circuits to enhance data generation capabilities. In this study, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical image generation framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Chi-Sheng Chen , Wei An Hou , Hsiang-Wei Hu , Zhen-Sheng Cai

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers tremendous potential but is currently limited by the availability of qubits. We introduce an innovative approach that utilizes pre-trained neural networks to enhance Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jun Qi , Chao-Han Yang , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Pin-Yu Chen , Hector Zenil , Jesper Tegner