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We show that a partial-correctness assertion about an iterative program is provable in Hoare Logic iffit is provable in standard second-order logic with comprehension restricted to first-order predicates. This equivalence was claimed twice…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Daniel Leivant

The so-called "threshold" theorem says that, once the error rate per qubit per gate is below a certain value, indefinitely long quantum computation becomes feasible, even if all of the qubits involved are subject to relaxation processes,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 M. I. Dyakonov

The aim of this work is to show a brand-new way of making deterministic Quantum Computing (short QC), in the sense of Theory of Calculability, by meaning of unitary evolution. We start from the original Shor's Algorithm to explain how the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-05 Luigi Cimmino

A proof of quantumness is a method for provably demonstrating (to a classical verifier) that a quantum device can perform computational tasks that a classical device with comparable resources cannot. Providing a proof of quantumness is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-12 Zvika Brakerski , Venkata Koppula , Umesh Vazirani , Thomas Vidick

In the past few years it has been shown that universal quantum computation can be obtained by projective measurements alone, with no need for unitary gates. This suggests that the underlying logic of quantum computing may be an algebra of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. S. Leifer

Fully-homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables computation on encrypted data while maintaining secrecy. Recent research has shown that such schemes exist even for quantum computation. Given the numerous applications of classical FHE…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Gorjan Alagic , Yfke Dulek , Christian Schaffner , Florian Speelman

We develop a linear logical framework within the Hybrid system and use it to reason about the type system of a quantum lambda calculus. In particular, we consider a practical version of the calculus called Proto-Quipper, which contains the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Mohamed Yousri Mahmoud , Amy P. Felty

In this article we present an ongoing effort to formalise quantum algorithms and results in quantum information theory using the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL. Formal methods being critical for the safety and security of algorithms and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Anthony Bordg , Hanna Lachnitt , Yijun He

The use of temporal logics has long been recognised as a fundamental approach to the formal specification and verification of reactive systems. In this paper, we take on the problem of automatically verifying a temporal property, given by a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Tewodros A. Beyene , Corneliu Popeea , Andrey Rybalchenko

We are interested in the problem of characterizing the correlations that arise when performing local measurements on separate quantum systems. In a previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 010401 (2007)], we introduced an infinite hierarchy of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-16 Miguel Navascues , Stefano Pironio , Antonio Acin

Deductive methods for the verification of hybrid systems vary on the format of statements in correctness proofs. Building on the example of Hoare triple-based reasoning, we have investigated several such methods for systems described in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Dimitar Guelev , Shuling Wang , Naijun Zhan

The hopes for scalable quantum computing rely on the "threshold theorem": once the error per qubit per gate is below a certain value, the methods of quantum error correction allow indefinitely long quantum computations. The proof is based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-17 M. I. Dyakonov

I present a new method for specifying and verifying the partial correctness of sequential programs. The key observation is that, in Hoare logic, assertions are used as selectors of states, that is, an assertion specifies the set of program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Paul C Attie

Digital quantum computing promises to offer computational capabilities beyond the reach of classical systems, yet its capabilities are often challenged by scarce quantum resources. A critical bottleneck in this context is how to load…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Kaining Zhang , Xinbiao Wang , Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

A reliable method for characterizing quantum operations that is suitable for improving and validating their accuracies is indispensable for realizing a practical quantum computer. Known methods are still not sufficient because they lack…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-25 Takanori Sugiyama , Shinpei Imori , Fuyuhiko Tanaka

A proof of quantumness is an efficiently verifiable interactive test that an efficient quantum computer can pass, but all efficient classical computers cannot (under some cryptographic assumption). Such protocols play a crucial role in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Petia Arabadjieva , Alexandru Gheorghiu , Victor Gitton , Tony Metger

Many security- and performance-critical domains, such as cryptography, rely on low-level verification to minimize the trusted computing surface and allow code to be written directly in assembly. However, verifying assembly code against a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Denis Mazzucato , Abdalrhman Mohamed , Juneyoung Lee , Clark Barrett , Jim Grundy , John Harrison , Corina S. Pasareanu

Partial coherence is an important quantity derived from spectral or precision matrices and is used in seismology, meteorology, oceanography, neuroscience and elsewhere. If the number of complex degrees of freedom only slightly exceeds the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-03 D. Schneider-Luftman , A. T. Walden

In this paper, we model and solve a fundamental power system problem, i.e., DC power flow, using a practical quantum computer. The Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd (HHL) quantum algorithm is used to solve the DC power flow problem. The HHL algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Rozhin Eskandarpour , Kumar Ghosh , Amin Khodaei , Liuxi Zhang , Aleksi Paaso , Shay Bahramirad

The emphasis is made on the juxtaposition of (quantum~theorem) proving versus quantum (theorem~proving). The logical contents of verification of the statements concerning quantum systems is outlined. The Zittereingang (trembling input)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 R. R. Zapatrin