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The constant Q transform (CQT) has been shown to be one of the most effective speech signal pre-transforms to facilitate synthetic speech detection, followed by either hand-crafted (subband) constant Q cepstral coefficient (CQCC) feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-13 Guang Hua , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh , Haijian Zhang

Time, cost, and energy efficiency are critical considerations in Deep-Learning (DL), particularly when processing long texts. Transformers, which represent the current state of the art, exhibit quadratic computational complexity relative to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Fardin Rastakhiz

In this paper, we summarize recent progresses made in deep learning based acoustic models and the motivation and insights behind the surveyed techniques. We first discuss acoustic models that can effectively exploit variable-length…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-30 Dong Yu , Jinyu Li

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used in fault diagnosis of mechanical systems due to their powerful feature extraction and classification capabilities. However, the CNN is a typical black-box model, and the mechanism of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Qian Chen , Xingjian Dong , Guowei Tu , Dong Wang , Baoxuan Zhao , Zhike Peng

While deep learning methods are increasingly being applied to tasks such as computer-aided diagnosis, these models are difficult to interpret, do not incorporate prior domain knowledge, and are often considered as a "black-box." The lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Shiwen Shen , Simon X. Han , Denise R. Aberle , Alex A. T. Bui , Willliam Hsu

In recent years, using raw waveforms as input for deep networks has been widely explored for the speaker verification system. For example, RawNet and RawNet2 extracted speaker's feature embeddings from waveforms automatically for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-08 Jin Li , Nan Yan , Lan Wang

Next to decision tree and k-nearest neighbours algorithms deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used to classify audio data in many domains like music, speech or environmental sounds. To train a specific CNN various spectral…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Friedrich Wolf-Monheim

In this work, we present a hybrid CTC/Attention model based on a ResNet-18 and Convolution-augmented transformer (Conformer), that can be trained in an end-to-end manner. In particular, the audio and visual encoders learn to extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Pingchuan Ma , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

This paper proposes a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) inspired by Multitask Learning (MTL) and based on speech features trained under the joint supervision of softmax loss and center loss, a powerful metric learning strategy, for the…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Suraj Tripathi , Abhiram Ramesh , Abhay Kumar , Chirag Singh , Promod Yenigalla

We explore why deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with small two-dimensional kernels, primarily used for modeling spatial relations in images, are also effective in speech recognition. We analyze the representations learned by deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Joanna Rownicka , Peter Bell , Steve Renals

We propose a new deep network for audio event recognition, called AENet. In contrast to speech, sounds coming from audio events may be produced by a wide variety of sources. Furthermore, distinguishing them often requires analyzing an…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-01-05 Naoya Takahashi , Michael Gygli , Luc Van Gool

This paper presents a novel deep neural network (DNN) for multimodal fusion of audio, video and text modalities for emotion recognition. The proposed DNN architecture has independent and shared layers which aim to learn the representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Juan D. S. Ortega , Mohammed Senoussaoui , Eric Granger , Marco Pedersoli , Patrick Cardinal , Alessandro L. Koerich

Face parsing is an important computer vision task that requires accurate pixel segmentation of facial parts (such as eyes, nose, mouth, etc.), providing a basis for further face analysis, modification, and other applications. Interlinked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Zi Yin , Valentin Yiu , Xiaolin Hu , Liang Tang

Recent analysis on speech emotion recognition has made considerable advances with the use of MFCCs spectrogram features and the implementation of neural network approaches such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Capsule networks…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Ismail Shahin , Noor Hindawi , Ali Bou Nassif , Adi Alhudhaif , Kemal Polat

A novel end-to-end binaural sound localisation approach is proposed which estimates the azimuth of a sound source directly from the waveform. Instead of employing hand-crafted features commonly employed for binaural sound localisation, such…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Paolo Vecchiotti , Ning Ma , Stefano Squartini , Guy J. Brown

Deep learning has emerged as a powerful alternative to hand-crafted methods for emotion recognition on combined acoustic and text modalities. Baseline systems model emotion information in text and acoustic modes independently using Deep…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-13 Darshana Priyasad , Tharindu Fernando , Simon Denman , Clinton Fookes , Sridha Sridharan

We propose a learnable content adaptive front end for audio signal processing. Before the modern advent of deep learning, we used fixed representation non-learnable front-ends like spectrogram or mel-spectrogram with/without neural…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Prateek Verma , Chris Chafe

Deep learning using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has been shown to significantly out-performed many conventional vision algorithms. Despite efforts to increase the CNN efficiency both algorithmically and with specialized hardware,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Carlos Mauricio Villegas Burgos , Tianqi Yang , Nick Vamivakas , Yuhao Zhu

Most phoneme recognition state-of-the-art systems rely on a classical neural network classifiers, fed with highly tuned features, such as MFCC or PLP features. Recent advances in ``deep learning'' approaches questioned such systems, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-10 Dimitri Palaz , Ronan Collobert , Mathew Magimai. -Doss

Deep neural networks (DNNs) and more precisely recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are at the core of modern automatic speech recognition systems, due to their efficiency to process input sequences. Recently, it has been shown that different…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-20 Titouan Parcollet , Mohamed Morchid , Georges Linarès , Renato De Mori