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The predominance of English and Latin-based large language models (LLMs) has led to a notable deficit in native Arabic LLMs. This discrepancy is accentuated by the prevalent inclusion of English tokens in existing Arabic models, detracting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Anis Koubaa , Adel Ammar , Lahouari Ghouti , Omar Najar , Serry Sibaee

This paper embarks on an exploration into the Large Language Model (LLM) datasets, which play a crucial role in the remarkable advancements of LLMs. The datasets serve as the foundational infrastructure analogous to a root system that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yang Liu , Jiahuan Cao , Chongyu Liu , Kai Ding , Lianwen Jin

The performance of large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) depends heavily on the quality and scale of their pre-training datasets. Recent research shows that large multimodal models trained on natural documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Khalil Hennara , Ahmad Bastati , Muhammad Hreden , Mohamed Motasim Hamed , Zeina Aldallal , Sara Chrouf , Safwan AlModhayan

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential of being useful tools that can automate tasks and assist humans. However, these models are more fluent in English and more aligned with Western cultures, norms, and values. Arabic-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Amr Keleg

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely used in medical applications, such as clinical decision support, medical education, and medical question answering. Yet, these models are often English-centric, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chaimae Abouzahir , Congbo Ma , Nizar Habash , Farah E. Shamout

The focus of language model evaluation has transitioned towards reasoning and knowledge-intensive tasks, driven by advancements in pretraining large models. While state-of-the-art models are partially trained on large Arabic texts,…

The detection of toxic language in the Arabic language has emerged as an active area of research in recent years, and reviewing the existing datasets employed for training the developed solutions has become a pressing need. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Imene Bensalem , Paolo Rosso , Hanane Zitouni

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now integral to numerous industries, increasingly serving as the core reasoning engine for autonomous agents that perform complex tasks through tool-use. While the development of Arabic-native LLMs is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Konstantin Kubrak , Ahmed El-Moselhy , Ammar Alsulami , Remaz Altuwaim , Hassan Ismail Fawaz , Faisal Alsaby

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive results in multiple domains of natural language processing (NLP) but are mainly focused on the English language. Recently, more LLMs have incorporated a larger proportion of multilingual…

Arabic is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, yet efforts to develop and evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) for Arabic remain relatively limited. Most existing Arabic benchmarks focus on linguistic, cultural, or…

This paper addresses the classification of Arabic text data in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), with a particular focus on Natural Language Inference (NLI) and Contradiction Detection (CD). Arabic is considered a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Mohammad Majd Saad Al Deen , Maren Pielka , Jörn Hees , Bouthaina Soulef Abdou , Rafet Sifa

This paper addresses the critical need for democratizing large language models (LLM) in the Arab world, a region that has seen slower progress in developing models comparable to state-of-the-art offerings like GPT-4 or ChatGPT 3.5, due to a…

Large language models (LLMs) have greatly impacted the natural language processing (NLP) field, particularly for the English language. These models have demonstrated capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. The success…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Hasna Chouikhi , Manel Aloui , Cyrine Ben Hammou , Ghaith Chaabane , Haithem Kchaou , Chehir Dhaouadi

Arabic is a linguistically and culturally rich language with a vast vocabulary that spans scientific, religious, and literary domains. Yet, large-scale lexical datasets linking Arabic words to precise definitions remain limited. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Serry Sibaee , Yasser Alhabashi , Nadia Sibai , Yara Farouk , Adel Ammar , Sawsan AlHalawani , Wadii Boulila

Recently, pre-trained transformer-based architectures have proven to be very efficient at language modeling and understanding, given that they are trained on a large enough corpus. Applications in language generation for Arabic are still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Wissam Antoun , Fady Baly , Hazem Hajj

We introduce ALHD, the first large-scale comprehensive Arabic dataset explicitly designed to distinguish between human- and LLM-generated texts. ALHD spans three genres (news, social media, reviews), covering both MSA and dialectal Arabic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ali Khairallah , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Despite its significance, Arabic, a linguistically rich and morphologically complex language, faces the challenge of being under-resourced. The scarcity of large annotated datasets hampers the development of accurate tools for subjectivity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Slimane Bellaouar , Attia Nehar , Soumia Souffi , Mounia Bouameur

Language models serve as a cornerstone in natural language processing (NLP), utilizing mathematical methods to generalize language laws and knowledge for prediction and generation. Over extensive research spanning decades, language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zichong Wang , Zhibo Chu , Thang Viet Doan , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang , Wenbin Zhang