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Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been demonstrated over a point-to-point $\sim1.6$-km atmospheric optical path in full daylight. This record transmission distance brings QKD a step closer to surface-to-satellite and other long-distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 W. T. Buttler , R. J. Hughes , S. K. Lamoreaux , G. L. Morgan , J. E. Nordholt , C. G. Peterson

Previous demonstrations of free-space quantum communication in daylight have been touted as significant for the development of global-scale quantum networks. Until now, no one has carefully tuned their atmospheric channel to reproduce the…

Satellite-based free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a practical framework for achieving secure global communication beyond the limitations of optical fibers. In this work, the quantum bit error rate (QBER) and secure key rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Muskan , Ramniwas Meena , Subhashish Banerjee

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a technique to establish a secret key between two parties through a quantum channel. Several QKD protocols have been proposed and implemented over optical fibers or free space links. The main challenge of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Mitali Sisodia , Omshankar , Vivek Venkataraman , Joyee Ghosh

We propose a wavelength-saving topology of quantum key distribution(QKD) network based on passive optical elements, and report the field test of this network on the commercial telecom optical fiber. In this network, 5 nodes are supported…

Free-space optical communication (FSO) can achieve fast, secure and license-free communication without need for physical cables, making it a cost-effective, energy-efficient and flexible solution when the fiber connection is unavailable. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Yao Zhang , Hua-Ying Liu , Xiaoyi Liu , Peng Xu , Xiang Dong , Pengfei Fan , Xiaohui Tian , Hua Yu , Dong Pan , Zhijun Yin , Guilu Long , Shi-Ning Zhu , Zhenda Xie

Quantum Communications on planetary scale require complementary channels including ground and satellite links. The former have progressed up to commercial stage using fiber-cables, while for satellite links, the absence of terminals in…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses individual light quanta in quantum superposition states to guarantee unconditional communication security between distant parties. In practice, the achievable distance for QKD has been limited to a few…

Entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, such as E91 and BBM92, offer strong information-theoretic security and are naturally suited for satellite-to-satellite QKD (SatQKD) links. However, implementing these protocols…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saif Al-Kuwari , Khalid Qaraqe

Optical quantum communication utilizing satellite platforms has the potential to extend the reach of quantum key distribution (QKD) from terrestrial limits of ~200 km to global scales. We have developed a thorough numerical simulation using…

Free-space ground-to-ground links will be an integral part of future quantum communication networks. The implementation of free-space and fiber links in daylight inter-modal configurations are however still hard to achieve, due to the…

A working free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) system has been developed and tested over an outdoor optical path of ~1 km at Los Alamos National Laboratory under nighttime conditions. Results show that QKD can provide secure real-time…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides an attractive means for securing communications in optical fibre networks. However, deployment of the technology has been hampered by the frequent need for dedicated dark fibres to segregate the very…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uniquely allows distribution of cryptographic keys with security verified by quantum mechanical limits. Both protocol execution and subsequent applications require the assistance of classical data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-04 K. A. Patel , J. F. Dynes , I. Choi , A. W. Sharpe , A. R. Dixon , Z. L. Yuan , R. V. Penty , A. J. Shields

Atmospheric clearness is a key issue for free space optical communications (FSO). We present the first active method to achieve FSO through clouds and fog, using ultrashort high intensity laser filaments. The laser filaments…

We investigate the benefits of partially upgrading optical networks with hollow-core fibers for QKD-classical communication coexistence. Results show that upgrading 40% of links in a metro topology can reduce the number of quantum modules…

We have successfully integrated an O-band commercial Quantum-Key-Distribution (QKD) system over a lit GPON testbed that replicates a carrier-grade Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) optical access network with multiple ONTs to emulate real-life FTTH…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) with deterministic single photon sources has been demonstrated over intercity fiber and free-space channels. The previous implementations relied mainly on polarization encoding schemes, which are susceptible…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) elevates the secure key rate from a linear to a square-root dependence on channel loss while preserving measurement-device-independent security. This protocol is uniquely positioned to enable…

We estimate the channel characteristics of field-installed dark fibers at single photon levels for quantum key distribution (QKD). Measured fibers are telecom single-mode dark fibers over 45 km connecting a center and suburbs of Tokyo.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Mikio Fujiwara , Shigehito Miki , Taro Yamashita , Zhen Wang , Masahide Sasaki