Related papers: Particle-theory input for neutron-star physics
The past decade has witnessed tremendous progress in the theoretical and computational tools that produce our understanding of nuclei. A number of microscopic calculations of nuclear electroweak structure and reactions have successfully…
Theories beyond the standard model include a number of new particles some of which might be light and weakly coupled to ordinary matter. Such particles affect equation of state of nuclear matter and can shift admissible masses of neutron…
Understanding the equation of state of dense QCD matter remains a major challenge in both nuclear physics and astrophysics. Neutron star observations from electromagnetic and gravitational wave spectra provide critical insights into the…
The equation of state of dense matter determines the structure of neutron stars, their typical radii, and maximum masses. Recent improvements in theoretical modeling of nuclear forces from the low-energy effective field theory of QCD has…
The theory governing the strong nuclear force, Quantum Chromodynamics, predicts that at sufficiently high energy densities hadronic nuclear matter undergoes a deconfinement transition to a new phase of quarks and gluons. Although this has…
The existence of quark matter inside the cores of heavy neutron stars is a possibility which can be probed with modern astrophysical observations. We use an (axial)vector meson extended quark-meson model to describe quark matter in the core…
We consider the general conditions of quark droplets formation in high density neutron matter. The growth of the quark bubble (assumed to contain a sufficiently large number of particles) can be described by means of a Fokker-Planck…
A novel equation of state used for analysis of the heavy ion collision experimental data is generalized to also describe the matter inside neutron stars. This approach differs from others by including an induced surface tension caused by…
Motivated by the possible presence of deconfined quark matter in neutron stars and their mergers and the important role of transport phenomena in these systems, we perform the first-ever systematic study of different viscosities and…
Neutron matter is an intriguing nuclear system with multiple connections to other areas of physics. Considerable progress has been made over the last two decades in exploring the properties of pure neutron fluids. Here we begin by reviewing…
Recent observations of neutron star masses close to the maximum predicted by nucleonic equations of state begin to challenge our understanding of dense matter in neutron stars, and constrain the possible presence of quark matter in their…
A forefront area of research concerns the exploration of the properties of hadronic matter under extreme conditions of temperature and density, and the determination of the equation of state--the relation between pressure, temperature and…
The main goal of the present contribution is a pedagogical introduction to the fascinating world of neutron stars by relying on relativistic density functional theory. Density functional theory provides a powerful--and perhaps…
The recent discovery of binary neutron star mergers has opened a new and exciting venue of research into hot and dense strongly interacting matter. For the first time this elusive state of matter, described by the theory of quantum chromo…
Understanding the interactions between nucleons in dense matter is an important challenge in theoretical physics. Effective field theories have emerged as the dominant approach to address this problem at low energies, with many successful…
In this lecture, we give a first introduction to neutron stars, based on fundamental physical principles. After outlining their amazing macroscopic properties, as obtained from observations, we infer the extreme conditions of matter in…
We study different stages of the neutron star cooling by computing neutron star properties at various temperatures and entropies using an effective chiral model including hadronic and quark degrees of freedom. Macroscopic properties of the…
In this review article, we argue that our current understanding of the thermodynamic properties of cold QCD matter, originating from first principles calculations at high and low densities, can be used to efficiently constrain the…
The highlights and main results of this work can be summarized as follows : (1) The energy per nucleon of cold nuclear matter, derived by us using chiral sigma model, is in good agreement with the preliminary estimates inferred from…
We use basic physics and simple mathematics accessible to advanced undergraduate students to estimate the main properties of neutron stars. We set the stage and introduce relevant concepts by discussing the properties of "everyday" matter…