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Estimating the global Lipschitz constant of neural networks is crucial for understanding and improving their robustness and generalization capabilities. However, precise calculations are NP-hard, and current semidefinite programming (SDP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Haoqi He , Yan Xiao , Wenzhi Xu , Ruoying Liu , Xiaokai Lin , Kai Wen

We consider deep neural networks with a Lipschitz continuous activation function and with weight matrices of variable widths. We establish a uniform convergence analysis framework in which sufficient conditions on weight matrices and bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently been demonstrated to perform well on a variety of network-based tasks such as decentralized control and resource allocation, and provide computationally efficient methods for these tasks which have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Raghu Arghal , Eric Lei , Shirin Saeedi Bidokhti

Important research efforts have focused on the design and training of neural networks with a controlled Lipschitz constant. The goal is to increase and sometimes guarantee the robustness against adversarial attacks. Recent promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Alexandre Araujo , Aaron Havens , Blaise Delattre , Alexandre Allauzen , Bin Hu

We initiate the study of the inherent tradeoffs between the size of a neural network and its robustness, as measured by its Lipschitz constant. We make a precise conjecture that, for any Lipschitz activation function and for most datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Sébastien Bubeck , Yuanzhi Li , Dheeraj Nagaraj

This paper tackles the problem of Lipschitz regularization of Convolutional Neural Networks. Lipschitz regularity is now established as a key property of modern deep learning with implications in training stability, generalization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Alexandre Araujo , Benjamin Negrevergne , Yann Chevaleyre , Jamal Atif

We introduce a variational framework to learn the activation functions of deep neural networks. Our aim is to increase the capacity of the network while controlling an upper-bound of the actual Lipschitz constant of the input-output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Shayan Aziznejad , Harshit Gupta , Joaquim Campos , Michael Unser

We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the quantization problem for artificial neural networks. We provide a mathematical definition of quantized neural networks and analyze their approximation capabilities, showing in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Matteo Spallanzani , Lukas Cavigelli , Gian Paolo Leonardi , Marko Bertogna , Luca Benini

Lipschitz continuity characterizes the worst-case sensitivity of neural networks to small input perturbations; yet its dynamics (i.e. temporal evolution) during training remains under-explored. We present a rigorous mathematical framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Róisín Luo , James McDermott , Christian Gagné , Qiang Sun , Colm O'Riordan

We examine the impact of learning Lipschitz continuous models in the context of model-based reinforcement learning. We provide a novel bound on multi-step prediction error of Lipschitz models where we quantify the error using the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Kavosh Asadi , Dipendra Misra , Michael L. Littman

Deriving sharp and computable upper bounds of the Lipschitz constant of deep neural networks is crucial to formally guarantee the robustness of neural-network based models. We analyse three existing upper bounds written for the $l^2$ norm.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Moreno Pintore , Bruno Després

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but its models often suffer from instability and vulnerability: small changes to the input may drastically affect predictions, while optimization can be hindered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Blaise Delattre

In this paper, we analyze the properties of invertible neural networks, which provide a way of solving inverse problems. Our main focus lies on investigating and controlling the Lipschitz constants of the corresponding inverse networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Paul Hagemann , Sebastian Neumayer

Robust risk minimisation has several advantages: it has been studied with regards to improving the generalisation properties of models and robustness to adversarial perturbation. We bound the distributionally robust risk for a model class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-06 Zac Cranko , Simon Kornblith , Zhan Shi , Richard Nock

Neural networks have gained much interest because of their effectiveness in many applications. However, their mathematical properties are generally not well understood. If there is some underlying geometric structure inherent to the data or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Elena Celledoni , Davide Murari , Brynjulf Owren , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ferdia Sherry

Despite the large success of deep neural networks (DNN) in recent years, most neural networks still lack mathematical guarantees in terms of stability. For instance, DNNs are vulnerable to small or even imperceptible input perturbations, so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Leon Bungert , René Raab , Tim Roith , Leo Schwinn , Daniel Tenbrinck

Robustness of neural networks is commonly quantified via local or global Lipschitz constants. However, Lipschitz continuity can be overly coarse or overly restrictive as global robustness measure, failing to capture nuanced, data-dependent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Jürgen Dölz , Michael Multerer , Michele Palma

We propose a neural network architecture that can learn discriminative geometric representations of data from persistence diagrams, common descriptors of Topological Data Analysis. The learned representations enjoy Lipschitz stability with…

The local Lipschitz constant of a neural network is a useful metric with applications in robustness, generalization, and fairness evaluation. We provide novel analytic results relating the local Lipschitz constant of nonsmooth vector-valued…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-12 Matt Jordan , Alexandros G. Dimakis

This paper presents a margin-based multiclass generalization bound for neural networks that scales with their margin-normalized "spectral complexity": their Lipschitz constant, meaning the product of the spectral norms of the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Peter Bartlett , Dylan J. Foster , Matus Telgarsky