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Smart grid advancements and the increased integration of digital devices have transformed the existing power grid into a cyber-physical energy system. This reshaping of the current power system can make it vulnerable to cyberattacks, which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Kalinath Katuri , Ioannis Zografopoulos , Ha Thi Nguyen , Charalambos Konstantinou

The UK Critical National Infrastructure is critically dependent on digital technologies that provide communications, monitoring, control, and decision-support functionalities. Digital technologies are progressively enhancing efficiency,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Uchenna D Ani , Jeremy D McK Watson , Nilufer Tuptuk , Steve Hailes , Madeline Carr , Carsten Maple

Real-Time systems are essential for promptly responding to external stimuli and completing tasks within predefined time constraints. Ensuring high reliability and robust security in these systems is therefore critical. This requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Eliron Rahimi , Kfir Girstein , Roman Malits , Avi Mendelson

The integration of information and communication technology in distribution grids presents opportunities for active grid operation management, but also increases the need for security against power outages and cyberattacks. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Omer Sen , Nathalie Bleser , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) encompasses a nation's essential assets that are fundamental to the operation of society and the economy, ensuring the provision of vital utilities such as energy, water, transportation, and…

The power grid is a critical infrastructure essential for public safety and welfare. As its reliance on digital technologies grows, so do its vulnerabilities to sophisticated cyber threats, which could severely disrupt operations. Effective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Omer Sen , Bozhidar Ivanov , Christian Kloos , Christoph Zol_ , Philipp Lutat , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

The increased integration of information and communications technology at the distribution grid level offers broader opportunities for active operational management concepts. At the same time, requirements for resilience against internal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-15 Immanuel Hacker , Ömer Sen , Dennis van der Velde , Florian Schmidtke , Andreas Ulbig

Critical infrastructure systems, including energy grids, healthcare facilities, transportation networks, and water distribution systems, are pivotal to societal stability and economic resilience. However, the increasing interconnectivity of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Jenifer Paulraj , Brindha Raghuraman , Nagarani Gopalakrishnan , Yazan Otoum

While the increasing penetration of information and communication technology into distribution grid brings numerous benefits, it also opens up a new threat landscape, particularly through cyberattacks. To provide a basis for countermeasures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Ömer Sen , Florian Schmidtke , Federico Carere , Francesca Santori , Andreas Ulbig , Antonello Monti

As new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrated into Critical National Infrastructures (CNI), new cybersecurity threats emerge that require specific security solutions. Approaches used for analysis include the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Uchenna D Ani , Jeremy D McK. Watson , Jason R. C. Nurse , Al Cook , Carsten Maple

Our Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems are, by definition, critical to the safe and proper functioning of society. Nearly all of these systems utilize industrial Process Control Systems (PCS) to provide clean water, reliable electricity,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 James Christopher Foreman

Critical Infrastructures (CIs), such as smart power grids, transport systems, and financial infrastructures, are more and more vulnerable to cyber threats, due to the adoption of commodity computing facilities. Despite the use of several…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-05-09 L. Aniello , A. Bondavalli , A. Ceccarelli , C. Ciccotelli , M. Cinque , F. Frattini , A. Guzzo , A. Pecchia , A. Pugliese , L. Querzoni , S. Russo

Researchers are exploring the integration of IoT and the cloud continuum, together with AI to enhance the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of critical infrastructure (CI) systems. This integration, however, increases susceptibility of CI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lav Gupta , Guoxing Yao

Resilience assessment is a critical requirement of a power grid to maintain high availability, security, and quality of service. Most grid research work that is currently pursued does not have the capability to have hardware testbeds.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Oceane Bel , Joonseok Kim , William J Hofer , Manisha Maharjan , Sumit Purohit , Shwetha Niddodi

The transition to smart grids has increased the vulnerability of electrical power systems to advanced cyber threats. To safeguard these systems, comprehensive security measures-including preventive, detective, and reactive strategies-are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Omer Sen , Christoph Pohl , Immanuel Hacker , Markus Stroot , Andreas Ulbig

Developing intelligent, interoperable Cyber Threat Information (CTI) sharing technologies can help build strong defences against modern cyber threats. CTIs allow the community to share information about cybercriminals' threats and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Alexandros Papanikolaou , Aggelos Alevizopoulos , Christos Ilioudis , Konstantinos Demertzis , Konstantinos Rantos

This paper aims to enhance the security and resilience of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIs) by providing a dynamic collaborative, warning and response system (CyberSANE system) supporting and guiding security officers and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Spyridon Papastergiou , Haralambos Mouratidis , Eleni-Maria Kalogeraki

As the integration of digital technologies and communication systems continues within distribution grids, new avenues emerge to tackle energy transition challenges. Nevertheless, this deeper technological immersion amplifies the necessity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Omer Sen , Nathalie Bleser , Andreas Ulbig

The role of the services described in this paper is to support decisions in the Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) domain. Those services are perceived as the most fundamental functionalities, that will serve as a basis for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Michal Choras , Rafal Kozik , Rafal Renk , Witold Holubowicz

Currently, most of the research in digital twins focuses on simulation and optimization. Digital twins are especially useful for critical systems. However, digital twins can also be used for safety and cyber security. The idea of this paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Tianyu Zhao , Ernest Foo , Hui Tian
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