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We consider perturbative quantum gravity as a quantum field theory of linearized metric perturbation on an asymptotically flat spacetime with a bifurcate Killing horizon. We include the perturbative gravitational constraints into the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-04 Avinandan Mondal , Kartik Prabhu

We provide a first derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of 3d flat cosmological horizons in terms of the counting of states in a dual field theory. These horizons appear in the shifted-boost orbifold of R^{1,2}, the flat limit of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-06-11 Arjun Bagchi , Stephane Detournay , Reza Fareghbal , Joan Simon

It seems to be expected, that a horizon of a quasi-local type, like a Killing or an isolated horizon, by analogy with a globally defined event horizon, should be unique in some open neighborhood in the spacetime, provided the vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Tomasz Pawlowski , Jerzy Lewandowski , Jacek Jezierski

Most quantum states have wavefunctions that are widely spread over the accessible Hilbert space and hence do not have a good description in terms of a single classical geometry. In order to understand when geometric descriptions are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-17 Vijay Balasubramanian , Bartlomiej Czech , Donald Marolf , Klaus Larjo , Joan Simon

We examine the second law of thermodynamics in the context of horizon cosmology, in particular, whether the change of total entropy (i.e. the sum of the entropy for the apparent horizon and the entropy for the matter fields) proves to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-09 Sergei D. Odintsov , Tanmoy Paul , Soumitra SenGupta

We present a semi-rigorous justification of Bekenstein's Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics applicable to a universe with black holes present, based on a generic quantum gravity formulation of a black hole spacetime, where the bulk…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-03 Parthasarathi Majumdar

Holographic reduced representations (HRR) are based on superpositions of convolution-bound $n$-tuples, but the $n$-tuples cannot be regarded as vectors since the formalism is basis dependent. This is why HRR cannot be associated with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-12-01 Diederik Aerts , Marek Czachor , Bart De Moor

The doubly special relativity (DSR) theories are investigated in order to take into account an observer-independent length scale in special relativity framework. It is widely believed that any quantum theory of gravity would reduce to a DSR…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-20 M. A. Gorji , K. Nozari , B. Vakili

We propose a covariant entropy bound in gravitational theories beyond general relativity (GR), using Wald-Jacobson-Myers entropy instead of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. We first extend the proof of the bound known in 4-dimensional GR to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-01-13 Taisuke Matsuda , Shinji Mukohyama

We formulate an analogue transverse first law for general closed marginally trapped surfaces in arbitrary spacetimes. The construction is intrinsically quasi-local and is attached directly to an individual marginally trapped surface, rather…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Ramon Torres

We study the algebra of observables in semiclassical quantum gravity for cosmological backgrounds, focusing on two key examples: slow-roll inflation and evaporating Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes. In both cases, we demonstrate the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-06 Chang-Han Chen , Geoff Penington

Using minimalist assumptions we develop a natural functional decomposition for the spacetime metric, and explicit tractable formulae for the surface gravities, in arbitrary stationary circular (PT symmetric) axisymmetric spacetimes. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-30 Joshua Baines , Matt Visser

In this paper, we perform a detailed investigation on the various geometrical properties of trapped surfaces and the boundaries of trapped region in general relativity. This treatment extends earlier work on LRS II spacetimes to a general 4…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-16 Abbas Sherif , Rituparno Goswami , Sunil D Maharaj

The suspicion that gravity is holographic has been supported mainly by a variety of specific examples from string theory. In this paper, we propose that such a holography can actually be observed in the context of Einstein's gravity and at…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 Yu Tian , Xiao-Ning Wu , Hongbao Zhang

A rigorous thermodynamic analysis has been done at the apparent horizon of a spatially flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe for the gravitationally induced particle creation scenario with constant specific entropy and an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-24 Subhajit Saha , Anindita Mondal

General Relativity (GR), with or without matter fields, admits a natural extension to a scale invariant theory that requires a dilaton. Here we show that the recently formulated massive GR, minimally coupled to matter, possesses a new…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-04-03 Guido D'Amico , Gregory Gabadadze , Lam Hui , David Pirtskhalava

The realization of Hawking radiation in optical analogs has historically focused on kinematic observables, such as the effective temperature determined by the horizon's surface gravity. A complete thermodynamic description, however,…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-26 Hasan Oguz

We examine the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in a non-flat universe in the presence of viscous dark energy. At first we assume that the universe filled only with viscous dark energy. Then, we extend our study to…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 M. R. Setare , A. Sheykhi

According to the holographic principle, the information content assigned to a gravitational region is processed by its lower dimensional boundary. As an example setup compatible with this principle, the AdS/CFT correspondence relies on the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-23 Abram Akal

An efficient scheme to compute the geometric entanglement per lattice site for quantum many-body systems on a periodic finite-size chain is proposed in the context of a tensor network algorithm based on the matrix product state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-28 Bing-Quan Hu , Xi-Jing Liu , Jin-Hua Liu , Huan-Qiang Zhou