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Granular systems present surprisingly complicated dynamics. In particular, nonlinear interactions and energy dissipation play important roles in these dynamics. Usually, constant coefficients of restitution are introduced phenomenologically…
We review some recent coarse-graining and multi-scale methods, but also put forward some new ideas for addressing such issues. We find that, if one is guided by nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, it is possible to…
The work done when a system at thermal equilibrium is externally driven by a unitary control parameter leads to irreversible entropy production. The entropy produced can be thought of as a combination of coherence generation and a…
Coarse-grained (CG) models facilitate an efficient exploration of complex systems by reducing the unnecessary degrees of freedom of the fine-grained (FG) system while recapitulating major structural correlations. Unlike structural…
At the nanoscale, random effects govern not only the dynamics of a physical system but may also affect its observation. This work introduces a novel paradigm for coarse graining that eschews the assignment of a unique coarse-grained…
Entropy production quantifies the amount of irreversibility of a physical process, leading to fundamental bounds for thermodynamic quantities. It captures the inability to run a physical system forward and then backward, bringing it to the…
Current research in statistical mechanics mostly concerns the investigation of out-of-equilibrium, irreversible processes, which are ubiquitous in nature and still far from being theoretically understood. Even the precise characterization…
We take up the question why the initial entropy in the universe was small, in the context of evolution of the entropy of a classical system. We note that coarse-graining is a an important aspect of entropy evaluation which can reverse the…
Active systems evade the rules of equilibrium thermodynamics by constantly dissipating energy at the level of their microscopic components. This energy flux stems from the conversion of a fuel, present in the environment, into sustained…
We investigate two different types of non-Markovian coarse-grained models extracted from a linear, non-equilibrium microscopic system, featuring a tagged particle coupled to underdamped oscillators. The first model is obtained by…
We consider two basic types of coarse-graining: the Ehrenfests' coarse-graining and its extension to a general principle of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and the coarse-graining based on uncertainty of dynamical models and Epsilon-motions…
Closely related to the laws of thermodynamics, the detection and quantification of disequilibria are crucial in unraveling the complexities of nature, particularly those beneath observable layers. Theoretical developments in nonequilibrium…
A fundamental question in nonequilibrium statistical physics is whether effective equilibrium behavior can emerge at coarse-grained scales in strongly driven systems. Here, we investigate this question in the context of human mobility by…
We study quantum coarse-grained entropy and demonstrate that the gap in entropy between local and global coarse-grainings is a natural generalization of entanglement entropy to mixed states and multipartite systems. This "quantum…
In this paper, we examine how to build coarse-grain transport models consistently from the kinetic to fluid regimes. The internal energy of the gas particles is described through a state-to-state approach. A kinetic equation allows us to…
We investigate the link between the irreversibility generated by a stationary dissipative process and the correlations established within a composite quantum system. We provide two equivalent expressions for the entropy generated in the…
In both classical and quantum thermodynamics, physical quantities are typically assigned objective values defined independently of our observations. We then refer to the 'work performed by a gas', or the 'entropy of the gas', regardless of…
A model reduction technique based on an optimization principle is employed to coarse-grain inviscid, incompressible fluid dynamics in two dimensions. In this reduction the spectrally-truncated vorticity equation defines the microdynamics,…
Predicting the molecular friction and energy landscapes under nonequilibrium conditions is key to coarse-graining the dynamics of selective solute transport through complex, fluctuating and responsive media, e.g., polymeric materials such…
The out-of-equilibrium character of active systems is often twofold, arising from both the activity itself and from non-reciprocal couplings between constituents. A well-established measure to quantify the system's distance from equilibrium…