English
Related papers

Related papers: Scaling and renormalization in high-dimensional re…

200 papers

Given a fixed budget for total model size, one must choose between training a single large model or combining the predictions of multiple smaller models. We investigate this trade-off for ensembles of random-feature ridge regression models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Benjamin S. Ruben , William L. Tong , Hamza Tahir Chaudhry , Cengiz Pehlevan

Empirically, large-scale deep learning models often satisfy a neural scaling law: the test error of the trained model improves polynomially as the model size and data size grow. However, conventional wisdom suggests the test error consists…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Licong Lin , Jingfeng Wu , Sham M. Kakade , Peter L. Bartlett , Jason D. Lee

Cross-correlation techniques provide a promising avenue for calibrating photometric redshifts and determining redshift distributions using spectroscopy which is systematically incomplete (e.g., current deep spectroscopic surveys fail to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-20 Daniel J. Matthews , Jeffrey A. Newman

Many machine learning models based on neural networks exhibit scaling laws: their performance scales as power laws with respect to the sizes of the model and training data set. We use large-N field theory methods to solve a model recently…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-31 Zhengkang Zhang

We propose a simple mechanism by which scaling laws emerge from feature learning in multi-layer networks. We study a high-dimensional hierarchical target that is a globally high-degree function, but that can be represented by a combination…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Arie Wortsman-Zurich , Hugo Tabanelli , Yatin Dandi , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro

We analyze the prediction error of ridge regression in an asymptotic regime where the sample size and dimension go to infinity at a proportional rate. In particular, we consider the role played by the structure of the true regression…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Dominic Richards , Jaouad Mourtada , Lorenzo Rosasco

In this work we investigate the generalization performance of random feature ridge regression (RFRR). Our main contribution is a general deterministic equivalent for the test error of RFRR. Specifically, under a certain concentration…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-06 Leonardo Defilippis , Bruno Loureiro , Theodor Misiakiewicz

Feature subsampling is a core component of random forests and other ensemble methods. While recent theory suggests that this randomization acts solely as a variance reduction mechanism analogous to ridge regularization, these results…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Xin Chen , Jason M. Klusowski , Yan Shuo Tan , Chang Yu

Consider the classical supervised learning problem: we are given data $(y_i,{\boldsymbol x}_i)$, $i\le n$, with $y_i$ a response and ${\boldsymbol x}_i\in {\mathcal X}$ a covariates vector, and try to learn a model $f:{\mathcal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Song Mei , Theodor Misiakiewicz , Andrea Montanari

Characterization of local minima draws much attention in theoretical studies of deep learning. In this study, we investigate the distribution of parameters in an over-parametrized finite neural network trained by ridge regularized empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Sho Sonoda , Isao Ishikawa , Masahiro Ikeda

We study the following three fundamental problems about ridge regression: (1) what is the structure of the estimator? (2) how to correctly use cross-validation to choose the regularization parameter? and (3) how to accelerate computation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Sifan Liu , Edgar Dobriban

Self-similarity, where observables at different length scales exhibit similar behavior, is ubiquitous in natural systems. Such systems are typically characterized by power-law correlations and universality, and are studied using the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-01-05 Gorka Peraza Coppola , Moritz Helias , Zohar Ringel

Scaling laws, a defining feature of deep learning, reveal a striking power-law improvement in model performance with increasing dataset and model size. Yet, their mathematical origins, especially the scaling exponent, have remained elusive.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuda Bi , Vince D Calhoun

Recent advances in machine learning have been achieved by using overparametrized models trained until near interpolation of the training data. It was shown, e.g., through the double descent phenomenon, that the number of parameters is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-14 Hong Hu , Yue M. Lu , Theodor Misiakiewicz

Large language models with a huge number of parameters, when trained on near internet-sized number of tokens, have been empirically shown to obey neural scaling laws: specifically, their performance behaves predictably as a power law in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Alexander Maloney , Daniel A. Roberts , James Sully

Modern regression problems often involve high-dimensional data and a careful tuning of the regularization hyperparameters is crucial to avoid overly complex models that may overfit the training data while guaranteeing desirable properties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Maria-Florina Balcan , Saumya Goyal , Dravyansh Sharma

Features in predictive models are not exchangeable, yet common supervised models treat them as such. Here we study ridge regression when the analyst can partition the features into $K$ groups based on external side-information. For example,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-05 Nikolaos Ignatiadis , Panagiotis Lolas

We consider linear regression problems with a varying number of random projections, where we provably exhibit a double descent curve for a fixed prediction problem, with a high-dimensional analysis based on random matrix theory. We first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Francis Bach

In high dimensional regression, where the number of covariates is of the order of the number of observations, ridge penalization is often used as a remedy against overfitting. Unfortunately, for correlated covariates such regularisation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Emanuele Massa , Marianne Jonker , Anthony Coolen

The scaling law, a cornerstone of Large Language Model (LLM) development, predicts improvements in model performance with increasing computational resources. Yet, while empirically validated, its theoretical underpinnings remain poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chiwun Yang