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Smart radio environments (SREs) are seen as a key rising concept of next generation wireless networks, where propagation channels between transmitters and receivers are purposely controlled. One promising approach to achieve such channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Moustafa Rahal , Benoît Denis , Kamran Keykhosravi , Furkan Keskin , Bernard Uguen , George C. Alexandropoulos , Henk Wymeersch

Cascaded or stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have emerged as a promising technology to overcome the physical limitations of single-layer reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in wideband wireless communication. By intelligently…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Muhammad Ibrahim , Amine Mezghani , Ekram Hossain

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a nearly-passive flat layer made of inexpensive elements that can add a tunable phase shift to the impinging electromagnetic wave and are controlled by a low-power electronic circuit. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-04 Stefano Buzzi , Emanuele Grossi , Marco Lops , Luca Venturino

User-side reconfigurable intelligent surface (US-RIS)-aided communication has recently emerged as a promising solution to overcome the high hardware cost and physical size limitations of large-scale user side antenna arrays. This letter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Hasan M. Boudi , Taissir Y. Elganimi

Cell-Free Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) are two promising technologies for application to beyond-5G networks. This paper considers Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Trinh Van Chien , Hien Quoc Ngo , Symeon Chatzinotas , Marco Di Renzo , Björn Ottersten

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a revolutionary technology for sixth-generation (6G) networks owing to its ability to manipulate wireless environments. As a frequency-selective device, RIS can only effectively shape the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Sifan Liu , Rang Liu , Ming Li , Yang Liu , Qian Liu

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been considered as a revolutionary technology to enhance the wireless communication performance. To cater for multiple mobile users, adjusting IRS beamforming patterns over time, i.e., dynamic IRS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Guangji Chen , Qingqing Wu , Celimuge Wu , Mengnan Jian , Yijian Chen , Wen Chen

In this study, a novel index modulation based communication system is proposed by combining the recently popular code index modulation-spread spectrum (CIM-SS) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) techniques. This technique is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Fatih Cogen , Burak Ahmet Ozden , Erdogan Aydin , Nihat Kabaoglu

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted great attention as a potential beyond 5G technology. These surfaces consist of many passive elements of metamaterials whose impedance can be controllable to change the phase,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

As an emerging wireless communication technology, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has become a basic choice for providing signal coverage services in scenarios with dense obstacles or long tunnels through multi-hop configurations.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Rujing Xiong , Jialong Lu , Jianan Zhang , Minggang Liu , Xuehui Dong , Tiebin Mi , Robert Caiming Qiu

This paper considers Cell-Free Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems with the assistance of an RIS for enhancing the system performance. Distributed maximum-ratio combining (MRC) is considered at the access points (APs). We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Trinh Van Chien , Hien Quoc Ngo , Symeon Chatzinotas , Marco Di Renzo , Björn Ottersten

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have huge potential to improve spectral and energy efficiency in future wireless systems at a minimal cost. However, early prototype results indicate that deploying hundreds or thousands of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-12 Eduard E. Bahingayi , Nemanja Stefan Perović , Le-Nam Tran

Mutual Coupling (MC) is an unavoidable feature in Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) with sub-wavelength inter-element spacing. Its inherent presence naturally leads to non-local RIS structures, which can be efficiently described…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Dilki Wijekoon , Amine Mezghani , George C. Alexandropoulos , Ekram Hossain

Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) emerges as an effective technique to resist the double-fading attenuation of passive RIS. By embedding with power harvesting function, it further evolves to zero-power active RIS, which can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xiao Zheng , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Zhuohui Yao , Jiangzhou Wang

In this paper, we investigate reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication systems which involve a fixed-antenna base station (BS) and a mobile user (MU) that is equipped with fluid antenna system (FAS). Specifically, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-12 Junteng Yao , Xiazhi Lai , Kangda Zhi , Tuo Wu , Ming Jin , Cunhua Pan , Maged Elkashlan , Chau Yuen , Kai-Kit Wong

We propose a new technique for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with colocated antennas which we call phased-MIMO radar. The new technique enjoys the advantages of MIMO radar without sacrificing the main advantage of phased-array…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Aboulnasr Hassanien , Sergiy A. Vorobyov

Next generation wireless networks focus on improving spectral efficiency (SE) while reducing power consumption and hardware cost. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) offer a viable solution to meet these requirements. In order to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ahmet M. Elbir , Abdulkadir Celik , Asmaa Abdallah , Ahmed M. Eltawil

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces enhance wireless systems by reshaping propagation environments. However, dynamic metasurfaces (MSs) with numerous phase-shift elements incur undesired control and hardware costs. In contrast, static MSs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-30 Ziyuan Zheng , Qingqing Wu , Wen Chen , Xiangming Wu , Weiren Zhu

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have recently emerged as a promising technology that can achieve high spectrum and energy efficiency for future wireless networks by integrating a massive number of low-cost and passive reflecting…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Minchae Jung , Walid Saad , Merouane Debbah , Choong Seon Hong

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) can be densely deployed in the environment to create multi-reflection line-of-sight (LoS) links for signal coverage enhancement. However, conventional reflection-only RISs can only achieve…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Bonan An , Weidong Mei , Yuanwei Liu , Dong Wang , Zhi Chen