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We describe here our work with automatic speech recognition (ASR) in the context of voice search functionality on the Flipkart e-Commerce platform. Starting with the deep learning architecture of Listen-Attend-Spell (LAS), we build upon and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Raviraj Joshi , Venkateshan Kannan

In human-computer interaction (HCI), Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is a key technology for understanding human intentions and emotions. Traditional SER methods struggle to effectively capture the long-term temporal correla-tions and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Xincheng Wang , Liejun Wang , Yinfeng Yu , Xinxin Jiao

Although automatic speech recognition (ASR) task has gained remarkable success by sequence-to-sequence models, there are two main mismatches between its training and testing that might lead to performance degradation: 1) The typically used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Nana Hou , Xiaofeng Qi , Heqing Zou , Eng Siong Chng

Speech emotion recognition is an important and challenging task in the realm of human-computer interaction. Prior work proposed a variety of models and feature sets for training a system. In this work, we conduct extensive experiments using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Michael Neumann , Ngoc Thang Vu

Unsupervised speech emotion recognition (SER) focuses on addressing the problem of data sparsity and annotation bias of emotional speech. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising method which enhances the performance through rule-based or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Runyan Yang , Zihao Cui , Junlan Feng

Speech emotion recognition (SER) has received a great deal of attention in recent years in the context of spontaneous conversations. While there have been notable results on datasets like the well known corpus of naturalistic dyadic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Alex-Răzvan Ispas , Théo Deschamps-Berger , Laurence Devillers

Speech enhancement (SE) systems are typically evaluated using a variety of instrumental metrics. The use of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems to evaluate SE performance is common in literature, usually in terms of word error rate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Danilo de Oliveira , Tal Peer , Timo Gerkmann

The goal of this paper is to simulate the benefits of jointly applying active learning (AL) and semi-supervised training (SST) in a new speech recognition application. Our data selection approach relies on confidence filtering, and its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Thomas Drugman , Janne Pylkkonen , Reinhard Kneser

For automatic speech translation (AST), end-to-end approaches are outperformed by cascaded models that transcribe with automatic speech recognition (ASR), then translate with machine translation (MT). A major cause of the performance gap is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Juan Pino , Liezl Puzon , Jiatao Gu , Xutai Ma , Arya D. McCarthy , Deepak Gopinath

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence modeling provides a powerful and elegant solution for applications that need to map one sequence to a different sequence. Its success heavily relies on the availability of large amounts of training data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Yun Tang , Juan Pino , Changhan Wang , Xutai Ma , Dmitriy Genzel

We propose a novel approach to end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) to achieve efficient speech in-context learning (SICL) for (i) long-form speech decoding, (ii) test-time speaker adaptation, and (iii) test-time contextual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Hao Yen , Shaoshi Ling , Guoli Ye

Language modeling (LM) for automatic speech recognition (ASR) does not usually incorporate utterance level contextual information. For some domains like voice assistants, however, additional context, such as the time at which an utterance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Richard Diehl Martinez , Scott Novotney , Ivan Bulyko , Ariya Rastrow , Andreas Stolcke , Ankur Gandhe

Speech enhancement (SE) is usually required as a front end to improve the speech quality in noisy environments, while the enhanced speech might not be optimal for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems due to speech distortion. On the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-27 Qiu-Shi Zhu , Jie Zhang , Zi-Qiang Zhang , Li-Rong Dai

Previous works on emotion recognition in conversation (ERC) follow a two-step paradigm, which can be summarized as first producing context-independent features via fine-tuning pretrained language models (PLMs) and then analyzing contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Xiangyu Qin , Zhiyu Wu , Jinshi Cui , Tingting Zhang , Yanran Li , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Li Wang

Single-channel speech enhancement approaches do not always improve automatic recognition rates in the presence of noise, because they can introduce distortions unhelpful for recognition. Following a trend towards end-to-end training of…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Peter Plantinga , Deblin Bagchi , Eric Fosler-Lussier

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) has been traditionally formulated as a classification task. However, emotions are generally a spectrum whose distribution varies from situation to situation leading to poor Out-of-Domain (OOD) performance.…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hazim Bukhari , Soham Deshmukh , Hira Dhamyal , Bhiksha Raj , Rita Singh

Speech emotion recognition (SER), particularly for naturally expressed emotions, remains a challenging computational task. Key challenges include the inherent subjectivity in emotion annotation and the imbalanced distribution of emotion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tiantian Feng , Thanathai Lertpetchpun , Dani Byrd , Shrikanth Narayanan

Large pre-trained speech models such as Whisper offer strong generalization but pose significant challenges for resource-efficient adaptation. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning method, yet its…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yujian Ma , Xikun Lu , Jinqiu Sang , Xianquan Jiang , Ruizhe Li

Speech emotion recognition (SER) plays a vital role in improving the interactions between humans and machines by inferring human emotion and affective states from speech signals. Whereas recent works primarily focus on mining spatiotemporal…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jiaxin Ye , Xin-cheng Wen , Yujie Wei , Yong Xu , Kunhong Liu , Hongming Shan

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is an important technology in human-computer interaction. However, achieving high performance is challenging due to emotional complexity and scarce annotated data. To tackle these challenges, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Cong Wang , Yizhong Geng , Yuhua Wen , Qifei Li , Yingming Gao , Ruimin Wang , Chunfeng Wang , Hao Li , Ya Li , Wei Chen