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Fair division mechanisms for indivisible goods require agent orderings to deterministically select one allocation when running the algorithm in practice. We introduce position envy-freeness up to one good (PEF1) as a fairness criterion for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ryoga Mahara , Ryuhei Mizutani , Taihei Oki , Tomohiko Yokoyama

This paper studies fair division of divisible and indivisible items among agents whose cardinal preferences are not necessarily monotone. We establish the existence of fair divisions and develop approximation algorithms to compute them. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Siddharth Barman , Paritosh Verma

Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX) is a popular and important fairness property in the fair allocation of indivisible goods, of which its existence in general is still an open question. In this work, we investigate the problem of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tzeh Yuan Neoh , Nicholas Teh

We study the problem of fairly allocating indivisible goods and chores under category constraints. Specifically, there are $n$ agents and $m$ indivisible items which are partitioned into categories with associated capacities. An allocation…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ayumi Igarashi , Frédéric Meunier

The leximin solution -- which selects an allocation that maximizes the minimum utility, then the second minimum utility, and so forth -- is known to provide EFX (envy-free up to any good) fairness guarantee in some contexts when allocating…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Xingyu Chen , Zijie Liu

We study the problem of fairly allocating either a set of indivisible goods or a set of mixed divisible and indivisible goods (i.e., mixed goods) to agents with additive utilities, taking the best-of-both-worlds perspective of guaranteeing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Xiaolin Bu , Zihao Li , Shengxin Liu , Xinhang Lu , Biaoshuai Tao

We investigate the query complexity of the fair allocation of indivisible goods. For two agents with arbitrary monotonic utilities, we design an algorithm that computes an allocation satisfying envy-freeness up to one good (EF1), a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Hoon Oh , Ariel D. Procaccia , Warut Suksompong

Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX) is a central fairness notion for allocating indivisible goods, yet its existence is unresolved in general. In the setting with few surplus items, where the number of goods exceeds the number of agents by a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Eugene Lim , Tzeh Yuan Neoh , Nicholas Teh

The existence of allocations that are fair and efficient, simultaneously, is a central inquiry in fair division literature. A prominent result in discrete fair division shows that the complementary desiderata of fairness and efficiency can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Siddharth Barman , Paritosh Verma

We study the fair division of indivisible goods with conflicts between pairs of goods, represented by a graph $G = (V, E)$. We consider ``soft'' conflicts: assigning two adjacent goods to the same agent is allowed, but we seek allocations…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hirotaka Yoneda , Masataka Yoneda

Our work studies the fair allocation of indivisible items to a set of agents, and falls within the scope of establishing improved approximation guarantees. It is well known by now that the classic solution concepts in fair division, such as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Evangelos Markakis , Christodoulos Santorinaios

The problem of finding envy-free allocations of indivisible goods can not always be solved; therefore, it is common to study some relaxations such as envy-free up to one good (EF1). Another property of interest for efficiency of an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Franklin Camacho , Rigoberto Fonseca-Delgado , Ramón Pino Pérez , Guido Tapia

Although approximate notions of envy-freeness-such as envy-freeness up to one good (EF1)-have been extensively studied for indivisible goods, the seemingly simpler fairness concept of proportionality up to one good (PROP1) has received far…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Martin Jupakkal Andersen , Ioannis Caragiannis , Anders Bo Ipsen , Alexander Søltoft

We study the problem of fairly allocating indivisible items and a desirable heterogeneous divisible good (i.e., cake) to agents with additive utilities. In our paper, each indivisible item can be a good that yields non-negative utilities to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Haris Aziz , Xinhang Lu , Simon Mackenzie , Mashbat Suzuki

We consider the problem of fairly allocating indivisible goods, among agents, under cardinality constraints and additive valuations. In this setting, we are given a partition of the entire set of goods---i.e., the goods are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Siddharth Barman , Arpita Biswas

We consider the problem of fairly allocating a combination of divisible and indivisible goods. While fairness criteria like envy-freeness (EF) and proportionality (PROP) can always be achieved for divisible goods, only their relaxed…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Bo Li , Zihao Li , Shengxin Liu , Zekai Wu

We study fair division of divisible goods under generalized assignment constraints. Here, each good has an agent-specific value and size, and every agent has a budget constraint that limits the total size of the goods she can receive. Since…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Siddharth Barman , Ioannis Caragiannis , Sudarshan Shyam

We study a fair allocation problem of indivisible items under additive externalities in which each agent also receives values from items that are assigned to other agents. We propose several new fairness concepts. We extend the well-studied…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Haris Aziz , Warut Suksompong , Zhaohong Sun , Toby Walsh

We study the problem of allocating a set of indivisible goods among agents with subadditive valuations in a fair and efficient manner. Envy-Freeness up to any good (EFX) is the most compelling notion of fairness in the context of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Bhaskar Ray Chaudhury , Jugal Garg , Ruta Mehta

We consider the discrete assignment problem in which agents express ordinal preferences over objects and these objects are allocated to the agents in a fair manner. We use the stochastic dominance relation between fractional or randomized…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Haris Aziz , Serge Gaspers , Simon Mackenzie , Toby Walsh