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Improving the hardware efficiency of deep neural network (DNN) accelerators with techniques such as quantization and sparsity enhancement have shown an immense promise. However, their inference accuracy in non-ideal real-world settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Akul Malhotra , Sumeet Kumar Gupta

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained huge attention as a potential energy-efficient alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) due to their inherent high-sparsity activation. Recently, SNNs with backpropagation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Ruokai Yin , Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Youngeun Kim , Priyadarshini Panda

Emerged as a biology-inspired method, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) mimic the spiking nature of brain neurons and have received lots of research attention. SNNs deal with binary spikes as their activation and therefore derive extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Yufei Guo , Weihang Peng , Yuanpei Chen , Liwen Zhang , Xiaode Liu , Xuhui Huang , Zhe Ma

Large language models (LLMs) deliver strong performance, but their high compute and memory costs make deployment difficult in resource-constrained scenarios. Weight-only post-training quantization (PTQ) is appealing, as it reduces memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Xianglong Yan , ChengZhu Bao , Zhiteng Li , Tianao Zhang , Shaoqiu Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Samm Sun , Yulun Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are amenable to deployment on edge devices and neuromorphic hardware due to their lower dissipation. Recently, SNN-based transformers have garnered significant interest, incorporating attention mechanisms akin…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Boxun Xu , Yufei Song , Peng Li

Model quantization is a widely used technique to compress and accelerate deep neural network (DNN) inference. Emergent DNN hardware accelerators begin to support mixed precision (1-8 bits) to further improve the computation efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Kuan Wang , Zhijian Liu , Yujun Lin , Ji Lin , Song Han

With the development of hardware-optimized deployment of spiking neural networks (SNNs), SNN processors based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have become a research hotspot due to their efficiency and flexibility. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hou Yue , Xiang Shuiying , Zou Tao , Huang Zhiquan , Shi Shangxuan , Guo Xingxing , Zhang Yahui , Zheng Ling , Hao Yue

Despite the success of CNN models on a variety of Image classification and segmentation tasks, their extensive computational and storage demands pose considerable challenges for real-world deployment on resource-constrained devices.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ahmed Luqman , Khuzemah Qazi , Murray Patterson , Malik Jahan Khan , Imdadullah Khan

A growing trend has emerged in designing high-quality Small Language Models (SLMs) with a few million parameters. This trend is driven by the increasing concerns over cloud costs, privacy, and latency. Considering that full parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xuan Shen , Peiyan Dong , Zhenglun Kong , Yifan Gong , Changdi Yang , Zhaoyang Han , Yanyue Xie , Lei Lu , Cheng Lyu , Chao Wu , Yanzhi Wang , Pu Zhao

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional deep learning frameworks, since they provide higher computational efficiency in event driven neuromorphic hardware. However, the state-of-the-art (SOTA)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-05 Gourav Datta , Souvik Kundu , Peter A. Beerel

Weight oscillation is an undesirable side effect of quantization-aware training, in which quantized weights frequently jump between two quantized levels, resulting in training instability and a sub-optimal final model. We discover that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Shih-Yang Liu , Zechun Liu , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Quantization-aware training (QAT) and Knowledge Distillation (KD) are combined to achieve competitive performance in creating low-bit deep learning models. However, existing works applying KD to QAT require tedious hyper-parameter tuning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Kaiqi Zhao , Ming Zhao

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a new generation of energy-efficient neural networks suitable for implementation on neuromorphic hardware. As neuromorphic hardware has limited memory and computational resources, parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Lianfeng Shi , Ao Li , Benjamin Ward-Cherrier

In this paper, we present an energy-efficient SNN architecture, which can seamlessly run deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) with improved accuracy. First, we propose a conversion aware training (CAT) to reduce ANN-to-SNN conversion loss…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Dongwoo Lew , Kyungchul Lee , Jongsun Park

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) operate with asynchronous discrete events (or spikes) which can potentially lead to higher energy-efficiency in neuromorphic hardware implementations. Many works have shown that an SNN for inference can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Nitin Rathi , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Priyadarshini Panda , Kaushik Roy

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a popular method for compressing deep neural networks (DNNs) without modifying their original architecture or training procedures. Despite its effectiveness and convenience, the reliability of PTQ methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Zhihang Yuan , Jiawei Liu , Jiaxiang Wu , Dawei Yang , Qiang Wu , Guangyu Sun , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Bingzhe Wu

Post-training quantization (PTQ) for vision transformers (ViTs) has garnered significant attention due to its efficiency in compressing models. However, existing methods typically overlook the relationship between a well-trained NN and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Peng Xia , Junbiao Pang , Tianyang Cai

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved extraordinary performance in various application domains. To support diverse DNN models, efficient implementations of DNN inference on edge-computing platforms, e.g., ASICs, FPGAs, and embedded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Sung-En Chang , Yanyu Li , Mengshu Sun , Runbin Shi , Hayden K. -H. So , Xuehai Qian , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer inherent energy efficiency due to their event-driven computation model, making them promising for edge AI deployment. However, their practical adoption is limited by the computational overhead of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Parth Patne , Mahdi Taheri , Ali Mahani , Maksim Jenihhin , Reza Mahani , Christian Herglotz

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are biology-inspired artificial neural networks (ANNs) that comprise of spiking neurons to process asynchronous discrete signals. While more efficient in power consumption and inference speed on the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Shikuang Deng , Shi Gu
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