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Integration of intermittent renewable energy sources in modern power systems is increasing very fast. Replacement of synchronous generators with zero-to-low variable renewables substantially decreases the system inertia. In a large system,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Mingjian Tuo , Xingpeng Li

Real-time tracking of inertia is important because it reflects the power system's ability to withstand contingencies and maintain frequency security. This paper proposes a practical approach to estimate inertia using ambient phasor…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Anushka Sharma , Anamitra Pal , Rajasekhar Anguluri , Tamojit Chakraborty

The increasing penetration of power-electronic-interfaced devices is expected to have a significant effect on the overall system inertia and a crucial impact on the system dynamics. In the future, the reduction of inertia will have drastic…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Johannes Schiffer , Petros Aristidou , Romeo Ortega

This work presents a technique to estimate on-line the inertia of a power system based on ambient measurements. The proposed technique utilizes the covariance matrix of these measurements and solves an optimization problem that fits such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Federico Bizzarri , Davide del Giudice , Samuele Grillo , Daniele Linaro , Angelo Brambilla , Federico Milano

Deregulation of energy markets, penetration of renewables, advanced metering capabilities, and the urge for situational awareness, all call for system-wide power system state estimation (PSSE). Implementing a centralized estimator though is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-03 Vassilis Kekatos , Georgios B. Giannakis

This paper proposes a novel formulation of effective regional inertia that explicitly accounts for both system topology and the spatial distribution of inertia. Unlike traditional approaches that model a region as an aggregated machine with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Bruno Pinheiro , Joe H. Chow , Federico Milano , Daniel Dotta

With the increasing integration of inverter-based resources into the power grid, there has been a notable reduction in system inertia, potentially compromising frequency stability. To assess the suitability of existing area inertia…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Bendong Tan , Jiangkai Peng , Ningchao Gao , Junbo Zhao , Jin Tan

A major transition in the operation of electric power grids is the replacement of synchronous machines by distributed generation connected via power electronic converters. The accompanying "loss of rotational inertia" and the fluctuations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-15 Bala Kameshwar Poolla , Saverio Bolognani , Florian Dorfler

This work presents a distributed method for control centers to monitor the operating condition of a power network, i.e., to estimate the network state, and to ultimately determine the occurrence of threatening situations. State estimation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-07-13 Fabio Pasqualetti , Ruggero Carli , Francesco Bullo

One of the fundamental concerns in the operation of modern power systems is the assessment of their frequency stability in case of inertia-reduction induced by the large share of power electronic interfaced resources. Within this context,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Francesco Conte , Stefano Massucco , Mario Paolone , Giacomo-Piero Schiapparelli , Federico Silvestro , Yihui Zuo

In power networks based on Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), fast controllers cause frequency and voltage dynamics to overlap. Thus, it becomes critical to assess the overall dynamic performance of such networks through a combined…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Rodrigo Bernal , Taulant Kerci , Federico Milano

Introduction of renewable generation leads to significant reduction of inertia in power system, which deteriorates the quality of frequency control. This paper suggests a new control scheme utilizing controllable load to deal with low…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Oleg O. Khamisov , Janusz W. Bialek , Anatoly Dymarsky

Conventional synchronous machines are gradually replaced by converter-based renewable resources. As a result, synchronous inertia, an important time-varying quantity, has substantially more impact on modern power systems stability. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-03 Mingjian Tuo , Xingpeng Li

Accurate inertia estimates and forecasts are crucial to support the system operation in future low-inertia power systems. A large literature on inertia estimation methods is available. This paper aims to provide an overview and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Evelyn Heylen , Goran Strbac , Fei Teng

The Phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements are mandatory to monitor the power system's voltage stability margin in an online manner. Monitoring is key to the secure operation of the grid. Traditionally, online monitoring of voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Kishan Prudhvi Guddanti , Amarsagar Reddy Ramapuram Matavalam , Yang Weng

The assessment of voltage stability margins is a promising direction for wide-area monitoring systems. Accurate monitoring architectures for long-term voltage instability are typically centralized and lack scalability, while completely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-21 John W. Simpson-Porco , Francesco Bullo

With the increasing penetration of converter-based renewable resources, different types of dynamics have been introduced to the power system. Due to the complexity and high order of the modern power system, mathematical model-based inertia…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-22 Mingjian Tuo , Xingpeng Li

The increasing penetration of renewable energy leads to a continuous reduction in system inertia, for which conventional synchronization criteria based solely on frequency consistency can no longer accurately capture the coupled dynamics of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Yusen Wei , Lan Tang , Peidong Li

We address the problem of estimating the uncertainty in the solution of power grid inverse problems within the framework of Bayesian inference. We investigate two approaches, an adjoint-based method and a stochastic spectral method. These…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-15 Noemi Petra , Cosmin G. Petra , Zheng Zhang , Emil M. Constantinescu , Mihai Anitescu

The electrical grid is evolving from a network consisting of mostly synchronous machines to a mixture of synchronous machines and inverter-based resources such as wind, solar, and energy storage. This transformation has led to a decrease in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Atinuke Ademola-Idowu , Baosen Zhang
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