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Super-resolution (SR), a classical inverse problem in computer vision, is inherently ill-posed, inducing a distribution of plausible solutions for every input. However, the desired result is not simply the expectation of this distribution,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Fengjia Zhang , Samrudhdhi B. Rangrej , Tristan Aumentado-Armstrong , Afsaneh Fazly , Alex Levinshtein

Deep learning models have made significant progress in automatic program repair. However, the black-box nature of these methods has restricted their practical applications. To address this challenge, this paper presents an interpretable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Jianzong Wang , Shijing Si , Zhitao Zhu , Xiaoyang Qu , Zhenhou Hong , Jing Xiao

Causal representation learning (CRL) models aim to transform high-dimensional data into a latent space, enabling interventions to generate counterfactual samples or modify existing data based on the causal relationships among latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Alireza Sadeghi , Wael AbdAlmageed

Deep learning models for medical image classification tasks are becoming widely implemented in AI-assisted diagnostic tools, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy, reduce clinician workloads, and improve patient outcomes. However, their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-31 Amy Rafferty , Rishi Ramaesh , Ajitha Rajan

DeepSeek-R1 has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in incentivizing reasoning and generalization capabilities of large language models (LLMs) through reinforcement learning. Nevertheless, the potential of reasoning-induced computation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tianhe Wu , Jian Zou , Jie Liang , Lei Zhang , Kede Ma

Perceptual image quality assessment (IQA) is the task of predicting the visual quality of an image as perceived by a human observer. Current state-of-the-art techniques are based on deep representations trained in discriminative manner.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-30 Simon Raviv , Gal Chechik

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has empowered Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to achieve superior human preference alignment in Image Quality Assessment (IQA). However, existing RL-based IQA models typically rely on coarse-grained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Xiang Li , Xueheng Li , Yu Wang , Xuanhua He , Zhangchi Hu , Weiwei Yu , Chengjun Xie

Image quality assessment (IQA) continues to garner great interest in the research community, particularly given the tremendous rise in consumer video capture and streaming. Despite significant research effort in IQA in the past few decades,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-09-26 Prajna Paramita Dash , Akshaya Mishra , Alexander Wong

Several metrics exist to quantify the similarity between images, but they are inefficient when it comes to measure the similarity of highly distorted images. In this work, we propose to empirically investigate perceptual metrics based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Rémi Kazmierczak , Gianni Franchi , Nacim Belkhir , Antoine Manzanera , David Filliat

Current no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) models for enhanced images often struggle to generalize, as they tend to overfit to the distinct patterns of specific enhancement algorithms rather than evaluating genuine perceptual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Shiqi Gao , Kang Fu , Zitong Xu , Huiyu Duan , Xiongkuo Min , Jia Wang , Guangtao Zhai

Research on image quality assessment (IQA) remains limited mainly due to our incomplete knowledge about human visual perception. Existing IQA algorithms have been designed or trained with insufficient subjective data with a small degree of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Lucie Lévêque , Ji Yang , Xiaohan Yang , Pengfei Guo , Kenneth Dasalla , Leida Li , Yingying Wu , Hantao Liu

Causal reasoning and discovery, two fundamental tasks of causal analysis, often face challenges in applications due to the complexity, noisiness, and high-dimensionality of real-world data. Despite recent progress in identifying latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dingling Yao , Shimeng Huang , Riccardo Cadei , Kun Zhang , Francesco Locatello

Causal reasoning can be considered a cornerstone of intelligent systems. Having access to an underlying causal graph comes with the promise of cause-effect estimation and the identification of efficient and safe interventions. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Amir Mohammad Karimi Mamaghan , Andrea Dittadi , Stefan Bauer , Karl Henrik Johansson , Francesco Quinzan

Causal Representation Learning (CRL) aims to uncover the data-generating process and identify the underlying causal variables and relations, whose evaluation remains inherently challenging due to the requirement of known ground-truth causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Guangyi Chen , Yunlong Deng , Peiyuan Zhu , Yan Li , Yifan Shen , Zijian Li , Kun Zhang

Causal representation learning (CRL) has garnered increasing interest from the causal inference and artificial intelligence communities due to its potential to disentangle complex data-generating mechanism into causally interpretable latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Hao Chen , Lin Liu , Yu Guang Wang

Generative models for image restoration, enhancement, and generation have significantly improved the quality of the generated images. Surprisingly, these models produce more pleasant images to the human eye than other methods, yet, they may…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-28 Marcos V. Conde , Maxime Burchi , Radu Timofte

Image quality assessment (IQA) focuses on the perceptual visual quality of images, playing a crucial role in downstream tasks such as image reconstruction, compression, and generation. The rapid advancement of multi-modal large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Weiqi Li , Xuanyu Zhang , Shijie Zhao , Yabin Zhang , Junlin Li , Li Zhang , Jian Zhang

No-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) is a fundamental yet challenging task in low-level computer vision community. The difficulty is particularly pronounced for the limited information, for which the corresponding reference for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Kwan-Yee Lin , Guanxiang Wang

No-reference (NR) image quality assessment (IQA) is an important tool in enhancing the user experience in diverse visual applications. A major drawback of state-of-the-art NR-IQA techniques is their reliance on a large number of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Suhas Srinath , Shankhanil Mitra , Shika Rao , Rajiv Soundararajan

Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a powerful modality in functional and anatomical assessment for various cardiovascular diseases. Sufficient image quality is essential to achieve proper diagnosis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Shahabedin Nabavi , Hossein Simchi , Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam , Ahmad Ali Abin , Alejandro F. Frangi