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Quantum key distribution protocols typically make use of a one-way quantum channel to distribute a shared secret string to two distant users. However, protocols exploiting a two-way quantum channel have been proposed as an alternative route…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-13 Normand J. Beaudry , Marco Lucamarini , Stefano Mancini , Renato Renner

Many papers proved the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) system, in the asymptotic framework. The degree of the security has not been discussed in the finite coding-length framework, sufficiently. However, to guarantee any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Masahito Hayashi

Quantum secret sharing schemes are a family of quantum cryptographic protocols which provide secure quantum encodings, mapping one secret to multiple shares of information such that the original secret cannot be accessed without an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Varin Sikand , Andrew Nemec

Coherent interaction of a quantum system with environment usually induces quantum decoherence. However, remarkably, in certain configurations the coherent system-environment coupling can be simultaneously explored to engineer a specific…

The Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol is the most widely implemented quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme. However, despite enormous theoretical and experimental efforts in the past decades, the security of this protocol with imperfect…

The quantum theory of decoherence plays an important role in a pragmatist interpretation of quantum theory. It governs the descriptive content of claims about values of physical magnitudes and offers advice on when to use quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-30 Richard Healey

Quantum Darwinism recognizes that we - the observers - acquire our information about the "systems of interest" indirectly from their imprints on the environment. Here, we show that information about a system can be acquired from a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-09 Michael Zwolak , H. T. Quan , Wojciech H. Zurek

We investigate the implications of quantum Darwinism in a composite quantum system with interacting constituents exhibiting a decoherence-free subspace. We consider a two-qubit system coupled to an $N$-qubit environment via a dephasing…

Polarization encoding quantum key distribution has been proven to be a reliable method to build a secure communication system. It has already been used in inter-city fiber channel and near-earth atmosphere channel, leaving underwater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Shanchuan Dong , Yonghe Yu , Shangshuai Zheng , Qiming Zhu , Lei Gai , Wendong Li , Yongjian Gu

We provide a new way to bound the security of quantum key distribution using only two high-level, diagrammatic features of quantum processes: the compositional behavior of complementary measurements and the essential uniqueness of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-20 Aleks Kissinger , Sean Tull , Bas Westerbaan

Secure communication that allows only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its content has a long history. Quantum objects, such as single photons are ideal carriers for secure information transmission because, according…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 R. Shakhmuratov , A. Zinnatullin , F. Vagizov

The Ekert 91 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol appears to be secure whatever devices legitimate users adopt for the protocol, as long as the devices give a result that violates Bell's inequality. However, this is not the case if they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 W. -Y. Hwang

We review the current status of security proofs for practical decoy-state Quantum Key Distribution using the BB84 protocol, focusing on optical implementations with weak coherent pulses and threshold photodetectors. The primary aim of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Devashish Tupkary , Ernest Y. -Z. Tan , Shlok Nahar , Lars Kamin , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Decoherence of a quantum system (which then starts to display classical features) results from the interaction of the system with the environment, and is well described in the framework of the theory of continuous quantum measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-17 Michael B. Mensky

We consider the Bennett-Brassard cryptographic scheme, which uses two conjugate quantum bases. An eavesdropper who attempts to obtain information on qubits sent in one of the bases causes a disturbance to qubits sent in the other basis. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs , Nicolas Gisin , Robert B. Griffiths , Chi-Sheng Niu , Asher Peres

In quantum key distribution, measurement-device-independent and decoy-state techniques enable the two cooperative agents to establish a shared secret key using imperfect measurement devices and weak Poissonian sources, respectively.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 H. F. Chau

It is designed a new quantum cryptography protocol that generates various secret and secure keys of the same size of the transmitted qubits, implying zero information losses between the interlocutors. Besides, generates key swapping between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Eduin H Serna

We investigate the security bounds of quantum cryptographic protocols using $d$-level systems. In particular, we focus on schemes that use two mutually unbiased bases, thus extending the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme to higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Gernot Alber

In semiquantum key-distribution (Boyer et al.) Alice has the same capability as in BB84 protocol, but Bob can measure and prepare qubits only in $\{|0\rangle, |1\rangle\}$ basis and reflect any other qubit. We study an eavesdropping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-30 Arpita Maitra , Goutam Paul

The ideal Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol is based on the preparation and measurement of qubits in two alternative bases differing by an angle of pi/2. Any real implementation of the protocol, though, will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-21 Erik Woodhead , Stefano Pironio