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Simulation-based testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has become an essential complement to road testing to ensure safety. Consequently, substantial research has focused on searching for failure scenarios in simulation. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Edward Kim , Jay Shenoy , Sebastian Junges , Daniel Fremont , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit Seshia

"This article describes software engineering techniques to be used in order to ensure the necessary quality of intelligent and therefore massive software-based systems in vehicles. Quality assurance for intelligent software is achieved…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-10-16 Bernhard Rumpe , Christian Berger , Holger Krahn

Scenario-based approaches for the validation of highly automated driving functions are based on the search for safety-critical characteristics of driving scenarios using software-in-the-loop simulations. This search requires information…

Motivated by the growing requirements on the operation of complex engineering systems, we present contracts as specifications for continuous-time linear dynamical systems with inputs and outputs. A contract is defined as a pair of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-09-17 B. M. Shali , A. J. van der Schaft , B. Besselink

Developing safe autonomous driving systems is a major scientific and technical challenge. Existing AI-based end-to-end solutions do not offer the necessary safety guarantees, while traditional systems engineering approaches are defeated by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Marius Bozga , Joseph Sifakis

Contract automata allow to formally define the behaviour of service contracts in terms of service offers and requests, some of which are moreover optional and some of which are necessary. A composition of contracts is said to be in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Davide Basile , Maurice H. ter Beek

The increasing complexity of modern configurable systems makes it critical to improve the level of automation in the process of system configuration. Such automation can also improve the agility of the development cycle, allowing for rapid…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Nestan Tsiskaridze , Maxwell Strange , Makai Mann , Kavya Sreedhar , Qiaoyi Liu , Mark Horowitz , Clark Barrett

Even if model-driven techniques have been enabled the centrality of the models in automated development processes, the majority of the industrial settings does not embrace such a paradigm due to the procedural complexity of managing model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Maria Stella de Biase , Stefano Marrone , Angelo Palladino

In this paper we address the issue of change after deployment in safety-critical embedded system applications. Our goal is to substitute lab-based verification with in-field formal analysis to determine whether an update may be safely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Sönke Holthusen , Sophie Quinton , Ina Schaefer , Johannes Schlatow , Martin Wegner

Algorithmic contract design studies scenarios where a principal incentivizes an agent to exert effort on her behalf. In this work, we focus on settings where the agent's type is drawn from an unknown distribution, and formalize an offline…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Paul Duetting , Michal Feldman , Tomasz Ponitka , Ermis Soumalias

Despite the increasing testing operations of automated vehicles on public roads, media reports on incidents show that safety issues caused by automated driving systems persist to this day. Manufacturers face high development uncertainty…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Marvin Loba , Nayel Fabian Salem , Marcus Nolte , Andreas Dotzler , Dieter Ludwig , Markus Maurer

Ensuring and validating the safe operation of automated vehicles are key challenges for their market launch. Scenario-based development and test approaches are currently being pursued as possible solutions. An essential prerequisite for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Markus Steimle , Till Menzel , Markus Maurer

With growing complexity and criticality of automated driving functions in road traffic and their operational design domains (ODD), there is increasing demand for covering significant proportions of development, validation, and verification…

How many scenarios are sufficient to validate the safe Operational Design Domain (ODD) of an Automated Driving System (ADS) equipped vehicle? Is a more significant number of sampled scenarios guaranteeing a more accurate safety assessment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Bowen Weng , Linda Capito , Umit Ozguner , Keith Redmill

Many organizations are developing autonomous driving systems, which are expected to be deployed at a large scale in the near future. Despite this, there is a lack of agreement on appropriate methods to test, debug, and certify the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali , Georgios Fainekos , Hisahiro Ito , James Kapinski

The full deployment of autonomous driving systems on a worldwide scale requires that the self-driving vehicle be operated in a provably safe manner, i.e., the vehicle must be able to avoid collisions in any possible traffic situation. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Ivo Batkovic , Ankit Gupta , Mario Zanon , Paolo Falcone

When blockchain systems are said to be trustless, what this really means is that all the trust is put into software. Thus, there are strong incentives to ensure blockchain software is correct -- vulnerabilities here cost millions and break…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Ivan Gavran , Gabriela Moreira , Daniel Neider

Long-term autonomy of robotic systems implicitly requires dependable platforms that are able to naturally handle hardware and software faults, problems in behaviors, or lack of knowledge. Model-based dependable platforms additionally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Stalin Muñoz Gutiérrez , Gerald Steinbauer-Wagner

During the development and verification of complex airborne systems, a variety of languages and development environments are used for different levels of the system hierarchy. As a result, there may be manual steps to translate requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Jing Liu , John D. Backes , Darren Cofer , Andrew Gacek

Simulation models often have parameters as input and return outputs to understand the behavior of complex systems. Calibration is the process of estimating the values of the parameters in a simulation model in light of observed data from…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-15 Özge Sürer