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Language models, such as GPT-3.5 and ChatGPT, demonstrate remarkable abilities to follow diverse human instructions and perform a wide range of tasks. However, when probing language models using a range of basic table-understanding tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Peng Li , Yeye He , Dror Yashar , Weiwei Cui , Song Ge , Haidong Zhang , Danielle Rifinski Fainman , Dongmei Zhang , Surajit Chaudhuri

As AI moves beyond text, large language models (LLMs) increasingly power vision, audio, and document understanding; however, their high inference costs hinder real-time, scalable deployment. Conversely, smaller open-source models offer cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mayank Saini , Arit Kumar Bishwas

We present Apertus, a fully open suite of large language models (LLMs) designed to address two systemic shortcomings in today's open model ecosystem: data compliance and multilingual representation. Unlike many prior models that release…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Project Apertus , Alejandro Hernández-Cano , Alexander Hägele , Allen Hao Huang , Angelika Romanou , Antoni-Joan Solergibert , Barna Pasztor , Bettina Messmer , Dhia Garbaya , Eduard Frank Ďurech , Ido Hakimi , Juan García Giraldo , Mete Ismayilzada , Negar Foroutan , Skander Moalla , Tiancheng Chen , Vinko Sabolčec , Yixuan Xu , Michael Aerni , Badr AlKhamissi , Inés Altemir Mariñas , Mohammad Hossein Amani , Matin Ansaripour , Ilia Badanin , Harold Benoit , Emanuela Boros , Nicholas Browning , Fabian Bösch , Maximilian Böther , Niklas Canova , Camille Challier , Clement Charmillot , Jonathan Coles , Jan Deriu , Arnout Devos , Lukas Drescher , Daniil Dzenhaliou , Maud Ehrmann , Dongyang Fan , Simin Fan , Silin Gao , Miguel Gila , María Grandury , Diba Hashemi , Alexander Hoyle , Jiaming Jiang , Mark Klein , Andrei Kucharavy , Anastasiia Kucherenko , Frederike Lübeck , Roman Machacek , Theofilos Manitaras , Andreas Marfurt , Kyle Matoba , Simon Matrenok , Henrique Mendonça , Fawzi Roberto Mohamed , Syrielle Montariol , Luca Mouchel , Sven Najem-Meyer , Jingwei Ni , Gennaro Oliva , Matteo Pagliardini , Elia Palme , Andrei Panferov , Léo Paoletti , Marco Passerini , Ivan Pavlov , Auguste Poiroux , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Nathan Ranchin , Javi Rando , Mathieu Sauser , Jakhongir Saydaliev , Muhammad Ali Sayfiddinov , Marian Schneider , Stefano Schuppli , Marco Scialanga , Andrei Semenov , Kumar Shridhar , Raghav Singhal , Anna Sotnikova , Alexander Sternfeld , Ayush Kumar Tarun , Paul Teiletche , Jannis Vamvas , Xiaozhe Yao , Hao Zhao , Alexander Ilic , Ana Klimovic , Andreas Krause , Caglar Gulcehre , David Rosenthal , Elliott Ash , Florian Tramèr , Joost VandeVondele , Livio Veraldi , Martin Rajman , Thomas Schulthess , Torsten Hoefler , Antoine Bosselut , Martin Jaggi , Imanol Schlag

It has been suggested that large language models such as GPT-4 have acquired some form of understanding beyond the correlations among the words in text including some understanding of mathematics as well. Here, we perform a critical inquiry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Roozbeh Yousefzadeh , Xuenan Cao

Data scarcity is a crucial issue for the development of highly multilingual NLP systems. Yet for many under-represented languages (ULs) -- languages for which NLP re-search is particularly far behind in meeting user needs -- it is feasible…

Multimodal visual language models are gaining prominence in open-world applications, driven by advancements in model architectures, training techniques, and high-quality data. However, their performance is often limited by insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Jiankang Chen , Tianke Zhang , Changyi Liu , Haojie Ding , Yaya Shi , Feng Cheng , Huihui Xiao , Bin Wen , Fan Yang , Tingting Gao , Di Zhang

Graph models are fundamental to data analysis in domains rich with complex relationships. Text-to-Graph-Query-Language (Text-to-GQL) systems act as a translator, converting natural language into executable graph queries. This capability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Songlin Lyu , Lujie Ban , Zihang Wu , Tianqi Luo , Jirong Liu , Chenhao Ma , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang , Shipeng Qi , Heng Lin , Yongchao Liu , Chuntao Hong

This study evaluates the potential of ChatGPT-4, an artificial intelligence language model developed by OpenAI, as an editing tool for Spanish literary and academic books. The need for efficient and accessible reviewing and editing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Jonnathan Berrezueta-Guzman , Laura Malache-Silva , Stephan Krusche

Large Language Models (LLMs) have displayed massive improvements in reasoning and decision-making skills and can hold natural conversations with users. Recently, many tool-use benchmark datasets have been proposed. However, existing…

This study examines the performance of today's open-source, locally hosted large-language models (LLMs) in handling complex competitive programming tasks with extended problem descriptions and contexts. Building on the original Framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Kadin Matotek , Heather Cassel , Md Amiruzzaman , Linh B. Ngo

The project was funded in 2021-2023 by the National Programme of Estonian Language Technology. Its main aim was to develop spelling and grammar correction tools for the Estonian language. The main challenge was the very small amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Agnes Luhtaru , Martin Vainikko , Krista Liin , Kais Allkivi-Metsoja , Jaagup Kippar , Pille Eslon , Mark Fishel

In recent years, the use of large language models (LLMs) has significantly increased, and these models have demonstrated remarkable performance in a variety of general language tasks. However, the evaluation of their performance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Iman Barati , Arash Ghafouri , Behrouz Minaei-Bidgoli

Certain forms of linguistic annotation, like part of speech and semantic tagging, can be automated with high accuracy. However, manual annotation is still necessary for complex pragmatic and discursive features that lack a direct mapping to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Danni Yu , Luyang Li , Hang Su , Matteo Fuoli

This paper presents Graph-of-Thought (GoT), a new model for workflow automation that enhances the flexibility and efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex task execution. GoT advances beyond traditional linear and tree-like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ye Li

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have demonstrated impressive performance in the text generation task, showing the ability to understand and respond to complex instructions. However, the performance of naive LLMs in speciffc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 HuangChao Xu , Baohua Zhang , Zhong Jin , Tiannian Zhu , Quansheng Wu , Hongming Weng

Language Models (LMs) are increasingly challenging the dominance of domain-specific models, such as Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Transformers (GTs), in graph learning tasks. Following this trend, we propose a novel approach that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhe Xu , Kaveh Hassani , Si Zhang , Hanqing Zeng , Michihiro Yasunaga , Limei Wang , Dongqi Fu , Ning Yao , Bo Long , Hanghang Tong

AI agents have become increasingly significant in various domains, enabling autonomous decision-making and problem-solving. To function effectively, these agents require a planning process that determines the best course of action and then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wei Chen , Zhiyuan Li , Zhen Guo , Yikang Shen

Multi-modality promises to unlock further uses for large language models. Recently, the state-of-the-art language model GPT-4 was enhanced with vision capabilities. We carry out a prompting evaluation of GPT-4V and five other baselines on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mukul Singh , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Vu Le , Gust Verbruggen

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and question-answer datasets from large language models have made it much easier for much smaller models to be finetuned to the point where they display sophisticated conversational abilities. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Yudhanjaya Wijeratne , Ishan Marikar

Enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to handle a wider range of complex tasks (e.g., coding, math) has drawn great attention from many researchers. As LLMs continue to evolve, merely increasing the number of model parameters yields…