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Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a turbulent boundary layer over the Gaussian (Boeing) bump is performed. This boundary layer exhibits a series of adverse and favorable pressure gradients and convex and concave curvature effects before…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-06-12 Aviral Prakash , Riccardo Balin , John A. Evans , Kenneth E. Jansen

In large-eddy simulations, subgrid-scale (SGS) processes are parameterized as a function of filtered grid-scale variables. First-order, algebraic SGS models are based on the eddy-viscosity assumption, which does not always hold for…

The present work studied various models for predicting turbulence in the problem of injecting a fluid microjet into the boundary layer of a turbulent flow. For this purpose, the one-equation Spalart-Allmaras (SA), two-equation k-$\epsilon$…

Despite their well-known limitations, RANS models remain the most commonly employed tool for modeling turbulent flows in engineering practice. RANS models are predicated on the solution of the RANS equations, but these equations involve an…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-04-22 Eric L. Peters , Riccardo Balin , Kenneth E. Jansen , Alireza Doostan , John A. Evans

The Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) models are the most common form of model in turbulence simulations. They are used to calculate Reynolds stress tensor and give robust results for engineering flows. But RANS model predictions have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Khashayar Nobarani , Seyed Esmaeil Razavi

Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) method will still play a vital role in the following several decade in aerospace engineering. Although RANS models are widely used, empiricism and large discrepancies between models reduce the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-07-05 Weiwei Zhang , Linyang Zhu , Yilang Liu , Jiaqing Kou

Due to the thick boundary layers in hypersonic flows, the state of the boundary layer significantly influences the whole flow field as well as surface heat loads. Hence, for engineering applications the efficient numerical prediction of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-11-04 Sarah Frauholz , Birgit U. Reinartz , Siegfried Müller , Marek Behr

Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) is one of the most cost-efficient approaches to simulate wind-farm-atmosphere interactions. However, the applicability of RANS-based methods is always limited by the accuracy of turbulence closure…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-12-08 Ali Eidi , Reza Ghiassi , Xiang Yang , Mahdi Abkar

In this paper, the novel experimental data reported by Qin et al. [1] are used to assess the predictive capability of the Realizable k-epsilon (RKE) model and Reynolds stress transport (RST) model for buoyant jets and understand the reasons…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-18 Jiaxin Mao , Sunming Qin , Victor Petrov , Annalisa Manera

Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based transition modeling is widely used in aerospace applications but suffers inaccuracies due to the Boussinesq turbulent viscosity hypothesis. The eigenspace perturbation method can estimate the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-08 Minghan Chu , Weicheng Qian

Accurate and robust models for the pressure strain correlation are an essential component for the success of Reynolds Stress Models in turbulent flow simulations. However replicating the non-local action of pressure using only local tensors…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-03-14 Jyoti Prakash Panda

Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are widely used in engineering turbulent flow simulations. However, RANS predictions may have large discrepancies due to the uncertainties in modeled Reynolds stresses. Recently, Wang et al.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-09-11 Jin-Long Wu , Heng Xiao , Eric Paterson

This study presents a novel approach for enhancing Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence modeling through the application of a Relative Importance Term Analysis (RITA) methodology to develop a new zonally-augmented $k-\omega$…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-26 Tyler Buchanan , Monica Lăcătuş , Alastair West , Richard P. Dwight

Turbulence modeling is a critical component in numerical simulations of industrial flows based on Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. However, after decades of efforts in the turbulence modeling community, universally…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-03-22 Jian-Xun Wang , Jin-Long Wu , Heng Xiao

Recent advances in data-driven turbulence modeling have established tensor basis neural networks (TBNN) as a physically grounded framework for Reynolds-stress closure in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations. However, their…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-13 Zelong Yuan , Yuzhu Pearl Li

This work examines the flow separation and the resulting pressure distortions at the exit plane of a serpentine diffuser operating at both subsonic and transonic conditions. Wallmodeled large-eddy simulations (WMLES) using the charLES flow…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-19 Rahul Agrawal , Chad Winkler , Sanjeeb Bose , Parviz Moin

Despite well-known limitations of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations, this methodology remains the most widely used tool for predicting many turbulent flows, due to computational efficiency. Machine learning is a promising…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-14 Ryley McConkey , Eugene Yee , Fue-Sang Lien

So-called engineering or analytical wind farm flow solvers typically build upon two submodels: one for the velocity deficit and one for the wake-added turbulence intensity. While velocity deficit modelling has received considerable…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-01 Frédéric Blondel , Erwan Jézéquel , Helen Schottenhamml , Majid Bastankhah

Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models are widely used for turbulent flow simulations due to their computational efficiency, but their accuracy strongly depends on the selected turbulence closure and may vary across the flow domain.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Piero Zappi , Anna Ivagnes , Niccolò Tonicello , Gianluigi Rozza

Using the Lagrangian transport analysis for the turbulence momentum, the Reynolds stress gradient can be expressed as a function of the local momentum flux and force terms. From this perspective of an observer moving at the local mean…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-09 T. W. Lee , J. E. Park