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Cosmic rays can penetrate planetary atmospheres driving the formation of prebiotic molecules, which are important for the origin of life. We calculate the Galactic cosmic ray fluxes in the habitable zone of five nearby, well-studied…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 D. Rodgers-Lee , A. A. Vidotto , A. L. Mesquita

Galaxies with intense star formation often host multiphase, galaxy-scale winds powered by supernovae and fast stellar winds. These are strong enough to disrupt the star-forming interstellar medium, and they chemically enrich the surrounding…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-27 XRISM Collaboration , Marc Audard , Hisamitsu Awaki , Ralf Ballhausen , Aya Bamba , Ehud Behar , Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin , Laura Brenneman , Gregory V. Brown , Lia Corrales , Elisa Costantini , Renata Cumbee , María Díaz Trigo , Chris Done , Tadayasu Dotani , Ken Ebisawa , Megan E. Eckart , Dominique Eckert , Satoshi Eguchi , Teruaki Enoto , Yuichiro Ezoe , Adam Foster , Ryuichi Fujimoto , Yutaka Fujita , Yasushi Fukazawa , Kotaro Fukushima , Akihiro Furuzawa , Luigi Gallo , Javier A. García , Liyi Gu , Matteo Guainazzi , Kouichi Hagino , Kenji Hamaguchi , Isamu Hatsukade , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Takayuki Hayashi , Natalie Hell , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Ann Hornschemeier , Yuto Ichinohe , Daiki Ishi , Manabu Ishida , Kumi Ishikawa , Yoshitaka Ishisaki , Jelle Kaastra , Timothy Kallman , Erin Kara , Satoru Katsuda , Yoshiaki Kanemaru , Richard Kelley , Caroline Kilbourne , Shunji Kitamoto , Shogo Kobayashi , Takayoshi Kohmura , Aya Kubota , Maurice Leutenegger , Michael Loewenstein , Yoshitomo Maeda , Maxim Markevitch , Hironori Matsumoto , Kyoko Matsushita , Dan McCammon , Brian McNamara , François Mernier , Eric D. Miller , Jon M. Miller , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Misaki Mizumoto , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Koji Mori , Koji Mukai , Hiroshi Murakami , Richard Mushotzky , Hiroshi Nakajima , Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Jan-Uwe Ness , Kumiko Nobukawa , Masayoshi Nobukawa , Hirofumi Noda , Hirokazu Odaka , Shoji Ogawa , Anna Ogorzalek , Takashi Okajima , Naomi Ota , Stephane Paltani , Robert Petre , Paul Plucinsky , Frederick S. Porter , Katja Pottschmidt , Kosuke Sato , Toshiki Sato , Makoto Sawada , Hiromi Seta , Megumi Shidatsu , Aurora Simionescu , Randall Smith , Hiromasa Suzuki , Andrew Szymkowiak , Hiromitsu Takahashi , Mai Takeo , Toru Tamagawa , Keisuke Tamura , Takaaki Tanaka , Atsushi Tanimoto , Makoto Tashiro , Yukikatsu Terada , Yuichi Terashima , Yohko Tsuboi , Masahiro Tsujimoto , Hiroshi Tsunemi , Takeshi Tsuru , Ayşegül Tümer , Hiroyuki Uchida , Nagomi Uchida , Yuusuke Uchida , Hideki Uchiyama , Yoshihiro Ueda , Shinichiro Uno , Jacco Vink , Shin Watanabe , Brian J. Williams , Satoshi Yamada , Shinya Yamada , Hiroya Yamaguchi , Kazutaka Yamaoka , Noriko Yamasaki , Makoto Yamauchi , Shigeo Yamauchi , Tahir Yaqoob , Tomokage Yoneyama , Tessei Yoshida , Mihoko Yukita , Irina Zhuravleva , Kazuki Ampuku , Erin Boettcher , Skylar Grayson , Gabriel Grell , Peter Kosec , Seiya Sasamata , Evan Scannapieco

Using infrared, radio, and gamma-ray data,we investigate the propagation characteristics of cosmic-ray (CR) electrons and nuclei in the 30 Doradus (30\,Dor) star-forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using a phenomenological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 E. J. Murphy , T. A. Porter , I. V. Moskalenko , G. Helou , A. W. Strong

The High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS), the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescope (MAGIC), and the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) have observed diffuse gamma-ray emission strongly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-14 Andrés Scherer , Jorge Cuadra , Franz E. Bauer

A deep 75 ks {\it Chandra} ACIS--I data of NGC 2024 was analyzed, aiming at a search for diffuse X-ray emission in this one of the most nearby (415 pc) massive star-forming regions. After removing point sources, an extended emission was…

The cosmic ray ionization rate (CRIR) is a key parameter in understanding the physical and chemical processes in the interstellar medium. Cosmic rays are a significant source of energy in star formation regions, which impacts the physical…

We present simulations of the magnetized interstellar medium (ISM) in models of massive star forming (40 Msun / yr) disk galaxies with high gas surface densities (~100 Msun / pc^2) similar to observed star forming high-redshift disks. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 Michal Hanasz , Harald Lesch , Thorsten Naab , Artur Gawryszczak , Kacper Kowalik , Dominik Wóltański

Galactic cosmic rays (CR) are particles presumably accelerated in supernova remnant shocks that propagate in the interstellar medium up to the densest parts of molecular clouds, losing energy and their ionisation efficiency because of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-25 M. Padovani , A. Marcowith , P. Hennebelle , K. Ferrière

Cosmic rays (CRs) generate diffuse emission while interacting with the Galactic magnetic field (B-field), the interstellar gas and the radiation field. This diffuse emission extends from radio, microwaves, through X-rays, to high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-22 Elena Orlando

Galaxy formation theory identifies superwinds as a key regulator of star formation rates, galaxy growth, and chemical enrichment. Thermal and radiation pressure are known to drive galactic-scale winds in dusty starbursting galaxies (e.g.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-06 A. M. Matthews , W. D. Cotton , W. M. Peters , L. Marchetti , T. H. Jarrett , J. J. Condon , J. M. van der Hulst , M. Moloko

We investigate Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars as a source of feedback contributing to the removal of natal material in the early evolution of massive star clusters. Despite previous work suggesting that massive star clusters clear out their natal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-17 Kimberly R. Sokal , Kelsey E. Johnson , Remy Indebetouw , Philip Massey

Cosmic rays (CRs) are thought to be an important feedback mechanism in star-forming galaxies. They can provide an important source of pressure support and possibly drive outflows. We perform multidimensional CR-magnetohydrodynamic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-01 Xiaoshan Huang , Shane W. Davis

Cosmic rays (CRs) interact with the gas, the radiation field and the magnetic field in the Milky Way, producing diffuse emission from radio to gamma rays. Observations of this diffuse emission and comparison with detailed predictions are…

Galaxy clusters could produce gamma-rays from inverse Compton scattering of cosmic ray electrons or hadronic interactions of cosmic ray protons with the intracluster medium. It is still an open question on whether gamma-ray emission ($>$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-12 Siddhant Manna , Shantanu Desai

Cosmic rays (CR) propagate through the galactic scales down to the smaller scales at which stars form. CRs are close to energy equipartition with the other components of the interstellar medium and can provide a support against gravity if…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-13 Benoît Commerçon , Alexandre Marcowith , Yohan Dubois

The CLASH X-ray selected sample of 20 galaxy clusters contains ten brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) that exhibit significant ($>$5 $\sigma$) extinction-corrected star formation rates (SFRs). Star formation activity is inferred from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-11 Kevin Fogarty , Marc Postman , Thomas Connor , Megan Donahue , John Moustakas

We present a detailed analysis of $\gamma$-ray emission from the middle-aged supernova remnant (SNR) S147 (G180.0$-$1.7) using approximately 16.5 years of Fermi-LAT data. Spatially, a new extended $\gamma$-ray component distinct from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-29 Huan Yang , Bing Liu , Houdun Zeng , Xiaoyuan Huang

Massive clusters are more often found in actively star forming galaxies than in quiescent ones, similar to the Milky Way. We have carried out an extensive survey of obscured Milky Way clusters to determine whether our Galaxy is still…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Borissova , V. D. Ivanov , D. Minniti , D. Geisler

The X-ray emission properties from the hot thermalized plasma that results from the collisions of individual stellar winds and supernovae ejecta within rich and compact star clusters are discussed. We propose a simple analytical way of…

The galactic diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission, as seen by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), shows a sharp peak in the region around 4 kpc from the Galactic center, which can be interpreted either as due to an enhanced density of cosmic-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-23 Giada Peron , Felix Aharonian , Sabrina Casanova , Ruizhi Yang , Roberta Zanin