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Artificial intelligence is humanity's most promising technology because of the remarkable capabilities offered by foundation models. Yet, the same technology brings confusion and consternation: foundation models are poorly understood and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Rishi Bommasani

This tutorial explores recent advancements in multimodal pretrained and large models, capable of integrating and processing diverse data forms such as text, images, audio, and video. Participants will gain an understanding of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Soyeon Caren Han , Feiqi Cao , Josiah Poon , Roberto Navigli

Multimodal learning, a rapidly evolving field in artificial intelligence, seeks to construct more versatile and robust systems by integrating and analyzing diverse types of data, including text, images, audio, and video. Inspired by the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Priyaranjan Pattnayak , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Bhargava Kumar , Amit Agarwal , Ishan Banerjee , Srikant Panda , Tejaswini Kumar

As digital social platforms and mobile technologies are becoming more prevalent and robust, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in facilitating human communication will grow. This, in turn, will pave the way for the development of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Roxana Girju

Audio-Visual Intelligence (AVI) has emerged as a central frontier in artificial intelligence, bridging auditory and visual modalities to enable machines that can perceive, generate, and interact in the multimodal real world. In the era of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 You Qin , Kai Liu , Shengqiong Wu , Kai Wang , Shijian Deng , Yapeng Tian , Junbin Xiao , Yazhou Xing , Yinghao Ma , Bobo Li , Roger Zimmermann , Lei Cui , Furu Wei , Jiebo Luo , Hao Fei

Perceptual learning enables humans to recognize and represent stimuli invariant to various transformations and build a consistent representation of the self and physical world. Such representations preserve the invariant physical relations…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Du Xiaorui , Yavuzhan Erdem , Immanuel Schweizer , Cristian Axenie

Multimodal machine learning models, such as those that combine text and image modalities, are increasingly used in critical domains including public safety, security, and healthcare. However, these systems inherit biases from their single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-24 Mounia Drissi

Foundation models, large-scale, pre-trained deep-learning models adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks have gained significant interest lately in various deep-learning problems undergoing a paradigm shift with the rise of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Bobby Azad , Reza Azad , Sania Eskandari , Afshin Bozorgpour , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Islem Rekik , Dorit Merhof

A reliable foundation model of functional neuroimages is critical to promote clinical applications where the performance of current AI models is significantly impeded by a limited sample size. To that end, tremendous efforts have been made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ziquan Wei , Tingting Dan , Guorong Wu

In recent years, a plethora of open-source foundation models have emerged, achieving remarkable progress in some widely attended fields, with performance being quite close to that of closed-source models. However, in high-value but more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Lei Bai , Zhongrui Cai , Yuhang Cao , Maosong Cao , Weihan Cao , Chiyu Chen , Haojiong Chen , Kai Chen , Pengcheng Chen , Ying Chen , Yongkang Chen , Yu Cheng , Pei Chu , Tao Chu , Erfei Cui , Ganqu Cui , Long Cui , Ziyun Cui , Nianchen Deng , Ning Ding , Nanqing Dong , Peijie Dong , Shihan Dou , Sinan Du , Haodong Duan , Caihua Fan , Ben Gao , Changjiang Gao , Jianfei Gao , Songyang Gao , Yang Gao , Zhangwei Gao , Jiaye Ge , Qiming Ge , Lixin Gu , Yuzhe Gu , Aijia Guo , Qipeng Guo , Xu Guo , Conghui He , Junjun He , Yili Hong , Siyuan Hou , Caiyu Hu , Hanglei Hu , Jucheng Hu , Ming Hu , Zhouqi Hua , Haian Huang , Junhao Huang , Xu Huang , Zixian Huang , Zhe Jiang , Lingkai Kong , Linyang Li , Peiji Li , Pengze Li , Shuaibin Li , Tianbin Li , Wei Li , Yuqiang Li , Dahua Lin , Junyao Lin , Tianyi Lin , Zhishan Lin , Hongwei Liu , Jiangning Liu , Jiyao Liu , Junnan Liu , Kai Liu , Kaiwen Liu , Kuikun Liu , Shichun Liu , Shudong Liu , Wei Liu , Xinyao Liu , Yuhong Liu , Zhan Liu , Yinquan Lu , Haijun Lv , Hongxia Lv , Huijie Lv , Qitan Lv , Ying Lv , Chengqi Lyu , Chenglong Ma , Jianpeng Ma , Ren Ma , Runmin Ma , Runyuan Ma , Xinzhu Ma , Yichuan Ma , Zihan Ma , Sixuan Mi , Junzhi Ning , Wenchang Ning , Xinle Pang , Jiahui Peng , Runyu Peng , Yu Qiao , Jiantao Qiu , Xiaoye Qu , Yuan Qu , Yuchen Ren , Fukai Shang , Wenqi Shao , Junhao Shen , Shuaike Shen , Chunfeng Song , Demin Song , Diping Song , Chenlin Su , Weijie Su , Weigao Sun , Yu Sun , Qian Tan , Cheng Tang , Huanze Tang , Kexian Tang , Shixiang Tang , Jian Tong , Aoran Wang , Bin Wang , Dong Wang , Lintao Wang , Rui Wang , Weiyun Wang , Wenhai Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Yi Wang , Ziyi Wang , Ling-I Wu , Wen Wu , Yue Wu , Zijian Wu , Linchen Xiao , Shuhao Xing , Chao Xu , Huihui Xu , Jun Xu , Ruiliang Xu , Wanghan Xu , GanLin Yang , Yuming Yang , Haochen Ye , Jin Ye , Shenglong Ye , Jia Yu , Jiashuo Yu , Jing Yu , Fei Yuan , Yuhang Zang , Bo Zhang , Chao Zhang , Chen Zhang , Hongjie Zhang , Jin Zhang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Qiuyinzhe Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Taolin Zhang , Wenlong Zhang , Wenwei Zhang , Yechen Zhang , Ziyang Zhang , Haiteng Zhao , Qian Zhao , Xiangyu Zhao , Xiangyu Zhao , Bowen Zhou , Dongzhan Zhou , Peiheng Zhou , Yuhao Zhou , Yunhua Zhou , Dongsheng Zhu , Lin Zhu , Yicheng Zou

Our experience of the world is multimodal - we see objects, hear sounds, feel texture, smell odors, and taste flavors. Modality refers to the way in which something happens or is experienced and a research problem is characterized as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Tadas Baltrušaitis , Chaitanya Ahuja , Louis-Philippe Morency

We introduce the concept of "empathic grounding" in conversational agents as an extension of Clark's conceptualization of grounding in conversation in which the grounding criterion includes listener empathy for the speaker's affective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Mehdi Arjmand , Farnaz Nouraei , Ian Steenstra , Timothy Bickmore

Current multimodal and multitask foundation models like 4M or UnifiedIO show promising results, but in practice their out-of-the-box abilities to accept diverse inputs and perform diverse tasks are limited by the (usually rather small)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Roman Bachmann , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , David Mizrahi , Ali Garjani , Mingfei Gao , David Griffiths , Jiaming Hu , Afshin Dehghan , Amir Zamir

Sensor-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) underpins many ubiquitous and wearable computing applications, yet current models remain limited by scarce labels, sensor heterogeneity, and weak generalization across users, devices, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Sizhen Bian , Mengxi Liu , Lala Shakti Swarup Ray , Bo Zhou , Bin Guo , Zhiwen Yu , Thomas Ploetz , Paul Lukowicz , Siyu Yuan , Vitor Fortes Rey

From the original abstract: This thesis initially aims to study the pain assessment process from a clinical-theoretical perspective while exploring and examining existing automatic approaches. Building on this foundation, the primary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Stefanos Gkikas

Healthcare data now span EHRs, medical imaging, genomics, and wearable sensors, but most diagnostic models still process these modalities in isolation. This limits their ability to capture early, cross-modal disease signatures. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Md Talha Mohsin , Ismail Abdulrashid

Objective: This review explores the trustworthiness of multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems, specifically focusing on vision-language tasks. It addresses critical challenges related to fairness, transparency, and ethical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Mohammad Saleh , Azadeh Tabatabaei

Social interactions form the foundation of human societies. Artificial intelligence has made significant progress in certain areas, but enabling machines to seamlessly understand social interactions remains an open challenge. It is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Sangmin Lee , Minzhi Li , Bolin Lai , Wenqi Jia , Fiona Ryan , Xu Cao , Ozgur Kara , Bikram Boote , Weiyan Shi , Diyi Yang , James M. Rehg

While the exploration for embodied AI has spanned multiple decades, it remains a persistent challenge to endow agents with human-level intelligence, including perception, learning, reasoning, decision-making, control, and generalization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhiyuan Xu , Kun Wu , Junjie Wen , Jinming Li , Ning Liu , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang

Foundation models for vision and language are the basis of AI applications across numerous sectors of society. The success of these models stems from their ability to mimic human capabilities, namely visual perception in vision models, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Matthew Berger , Shusen Liu