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We study the problem of learning mixtures of $k$ Gaussians in $d$ dimensions. We make no separation assumptions on the underlying mixture components: we only require that the covariance matrices have bounded condition number and that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sitan Chen , Vasilis Kontonis , Kulin Shah

By learning the gradient of smoothed data distributions, diffusion models can iteratively generate samples from complex distributions. The learned score function enables their generalization capabilities, but how the learned score relates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

Efficiently learning mixture of Gaussians is a fundamental problem in statistics and learning theory. Given samples coming from a random one out of k Gaussian distributions in Rn, the learning problem asks to estimate the means and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-11 Rong Ge , Qingqing Huang , Sham M. Kakade

Given data drawn from a mixture of multivariate Gaussians, a basic problem is to accurately estimate the mixture parameters. We give an algorithm for this problem that has a running time, and data requirement polynomial in the dimension and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-04-27 Ankur Moitra , Gregory Valiant

The question of polynomial learnability of probability distributions, particularly Gaussian mixture distributions, has recently received significant attention in theoretical computer science and machine learning. However, despite major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-05-13 Mikhail Belkin , Kaushik Sinha

The mixture of Gaussian distributions, a soft version of k-means , is considered a state-of-the-art clustering algorithm. It is widely used in computer vision for selecting classes, e.g., color, texture, and shapes. In this algorithm, each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-30 Mahajabin Rahman , Davi Geiger

Score-based diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable empirical success in learning high-dimensional distributions, particularly those exhibiting low-dimensional and multi-modal structures. However, theoretical understanding of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Jingda Wu , Changxiao Cai

In this paper, we study the problem of learning a mixture of Gaussians with streaming data: given a stream of $N$ points in $d$ dimensions generated by an unknown mixture of $k$ spherical Gaussians, the goal is to estimate the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Aditi Raghunathan , Ravishankar Krishnaswamy , Prateek Jain

In this paper we present a method for learning the parameters of a mixture of $k$ identical spherical Gaussians in $n$-dimensional space with an arbitrarily small separation between the components. Our algorithm is polynomial in all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-05-14 Mikhail Belkin , Kaushik Sinha

We study the efficient learnability of high-dimensional Gaussian mixtures in the outlier-robust setting, where a small constant fraction of the data is adversarially corrupted. We resolve the polynomial learnability of this problem when the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Ilias Diakonikolas , Samuel B. Hopkins , Daniel Kane , Sushrut Karmalkar

Recent works have shown that diffusion models can learn essentially any distribution provided one can perform score estimation. Yet it remains poorly understood under what settings score estimation is possible, let alone when practical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Kulin Shah , Sitan Chen , Adam Klivans

One of the most popular algorithms for clustering in Euclidean space is the $k$-means algorithm; $k$-means is difficult to analyze mathematically, and few theoretical guarantees are known about it, particularly when the data is {\em…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-12-02 Kamalika Chaudhuri , Sanjoy Dasgupta , Andrea Vattani

Learning a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is a fundamental problem in machine learning, learning theory, and statistics. One notion of learning a GMM is proper learning: here, the goal is to find a mixture of $k$ Gaussians $\mathcal{M}$ that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Jerry Li , Ludwig Schmidt

We propose and analyze a new vantage point for the learning of mixtures of Gaussians: namely, the PAC-style model of learning probability distributions introduced by Kearns et al. Here the task is to construct a hypothesis mixture of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jon Feldman , Ryan O'Donnell , Rocco A. Servedio

GNSS localization is an important part of today's autonomous systems, although it suffers from non-Gaussian errors caused by non-line-of-sight effects. Recent methods are able to mitigate these effects by including the corresponding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Tim Pfeifer , Peter Protzel

We prove that $\tilde{\Theta}(k d^2 / \varepsilon^2)$ samples are necessary and sufficient for learning a mixture of $k$ Gaussians in $\mathbb{R}^d$, up to error $\varepsilon$ in total variation distance. This improves both the known upper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Hassan Ashtiani , Shai Ben-David , Nick Harvey , Christopher Liaw , Abbas Mehrabian , Yaniv Plan

In this work, we give a ${\rm poly}(d,k)$ time and sample algorithm for efficiently learning the parameters of a mixture of $k$ spherical distributions in $d$ dimensions. Unlike all previous methods, our techniques apply to heavy-tailed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Alkis Kalavasis , Pravesh K. Kothari , Shuchen Li , Manolis Zampetakis

We consider the problem of efficiently learning mixtures of a large number of spherical Gaussians, when the components of the mixture are well separated. In the most basic form of this problem, we are given samples from a uniform mixture of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Oded Regev , Aravindan Vijayaraghavan

Diffusion models have recently shown remarkable results in magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction. However, the employed networks typically are black-box estimators of the (smoothed) prior score with tens of millions of parameters,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Laurenz Nagler , Martin Zach , Thomas Pock

Diffusion models are distinguished by their exceptional generative performance, particularly in producing high-quality samples through iterative denoising. While current theory suggests that the number of denoising steps required for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai , Yuting Wei
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