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In this paper, an online learning algorithm is proposed as sequential stochastic approximation of a regularization path converging to the regression function in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs). We show that it is possible to…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-23 Pierre Tarrès , Yuan Yao

We derive a new Rademacher complexity bound for deep neural networks using Koopman operators, group representations, and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs). The proposed bound describes why the models with high-rank weight matrices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yuka Hashimoto , Sho Sonoda , Isao Ishikawa , Masahiro Ikeda

We study the representation capacity of deep hyperbolic neural networks (HNNs) with a ReLU activation function. We establish the first proof that HNNs can $\varepsilon$-isometrically embed any finite weighted tree into a hyperbolic space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Anastasis Kratsios , Ruiyang Hong , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde

Neural network training is usually accomplished by solving a non-convex optimization problem using stochastic gradient descent. Although one optimizes over the networks parameters, the main loss function generally only depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Julius Berner , Dennis Elbrächter , Philipp Grohs

This paper introduces a hypothesis space for deep learning based on deep neural networks (DNNs). By treating a DNN as a function of two variables - the input variable and the parameter variable - we consider the set of DNNs where the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-15 Rui Wang , Yuesheng Xu , Mingsong Yan

This paper develops a novel mathematical framework for collaborative learning by means of geometrically inspired kernel machines which includes statements on the bounds of generalisation and approximation errors, and sample complexity. For…

For neural networks (NNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) or binary activation functions, we show that their training can be accomplished in a reduced parameter space. Specifically, the weights in each neuron can be trained on the unit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-30 Tong Qin , Ling Zhou , Dongbin Xiu

Reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces provide a foundational framework for kernel-based learning, where regularization and interpolation problems admit finite-dimensional solutions through classical representer theorems. Many modern learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Isabel de la Higuera , Francisco Herrera , M. Victoria Velasco

This is a tutorial and survey paper on kernels, kernel methods, and related fields. We start with reviewing the history of kernels in functional analysis and machine learning. Then, Mercer kernel, Hilbert and Banach spaces, Reproducing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-17 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Modern machine learning models often employ a huge number of parameters and are typically optimized to have zero training loss; yet surprisingly, they possess near-optimal prediction performance, contradicting classical learning theory. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-08 Zhu Li , Zhi-Hua Zhou , Arthur Gretton

Doubly stochastic learning algorithms are scalable kernel methods that perform very well in practice. However, their generalization properties are not well understood and their analysis is challenging since the corresponding learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-12 Junhong Lin , Lorenzo Rosasco

Understanding the computational complexity of training simple neural networks with rectified linear units (ReLUs) has recently been a subject of intensive research. Closing gaps and complementing results from the literature, we present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Vincent Froese , Christoph Hertrich , Rolf Niedermeier

We consider training over-parameterized two-layer neural networks with Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) using gradient descent (GD) method. Inspired by a recent line of work, we study the evolutions of network prediction errors across GD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Lili Su , Pengkun Yang

We study the risk of minimum-norm interpolants of data in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces. Our upper bounds on the risk are of a multiple-descent shape for the various scalings of $d = n^{\alpha}$, $\alpha\in(0,1)$, for the input…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-27 Tengyuan Liang , Alexander Rakhlin , Xiyu Zhai

Finding best architectures of learning machines, such as deep neural networks, is a well-known technical and theoretical challenge. Recent work by Mellor et al (2021) showed that there may exist correlations between the accuracies of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Qinghua Zhou , Alexander N. Gorban , Evgeny M. Mirkes , Jonathan Bac , Andrei Zinovyev , Ivan Y. Tyukin

Despite classical statistical theory predicting severe overfitting, modern massively overparameterized neural networks still generalize well. This unexpected property is attributed to the network's so-called implicit bias, which describes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Justin Sahs , Ryan Pyle , Fabio Anselmi , Ankit Patel

State-of-the-art neural networks are heavily over-parameterized, making the optimization algorithm a crucial ingredient for learning predictive models with good generalization properties. A recent line of work has shown that in a certain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-01 Alberto Bietti , Julien Mairal

The reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) embedding method is a recently introduced estimation approach that seeks to identify the unknown or uncertain function in the governing equations of a nonlinear set of ordinary differential…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Jia Guo , Sai Tej Paruchuri , Andrew J. Kurdila

In practice, multi-task learning (through learning features shared among tasks) is an essential property of deep neural networks (NNs). While infinite-width limits of NNs can provide good intuition for their generalization behavior, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jakob Heiss , Josef Teichmann , Hanna Wutte

In this paper, we study the dynamics of temporal difference learning with neural network-based value function approximation over a general state space, namely, \emph{Neural TD learning}. We consider two practically used algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Semih Cayci , Siddhartha Satpathi , Niao He , R. Srikant