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Reasoning is an important task for large language models (LLMs). Among all the reasoning paradigms, inductive reasoning is one of the fundamental types, which is characterized by its particular-to-general thinking process and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kedi Chen , Dezhao Ruan , Yuhao Dan , Yaoting Wang , Siyu Yan , Xuecheng Wu , Yinqi Zhang , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Liang He , Biqing Qi , Linyang Li , Qipeng Guo , Xiaoming Shi , Wei Zhang

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medicine has enabled impressive capabilities, yet a critical gap remains in their ability to perform systematic, transparent, and verifiable reasoning, a cornerstone of clinical practice.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Wenxuan Wang , Zizhan Ma , Meidan Ding , Shiyi Zheng , Shengyuan Liu , Jie Liu , Jiaming Ji , Wenting Chen , Xiang Li , Linlin Shen , Yixuan Yuan

In the era of information overload, recommendation systems play a pivotal role in filtering data and delivering personalized content. Recent advancements in feature interaction and user behavior modeling have significantly enhanced the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hao Wang , Wei Guo , Luankang Zhang , Jin Yao Chin , Yufei Ye , Huifeng Guo , Yong Liu , Defu Lian , Ruiming Tang , Enhong Chen

The current dominant paradigm when building a machine learning model is to iterate over a dataset over and over until convergence. Such an approach is non-incremental, as it assumes access to all images of all categories at once. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Mert Kilickaya , Joost van de Weijer , Yuki M. Asano

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to acquire skills by observing and replicating the behavior of one or multiple experts. In recent years, advances in deep learning have significantly expanded the capabilities and scalability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Iason Chrysomallis , Georgios Chalkiadakis

Continual learning is an online paradigm where a learner continually accumulates knowledge from different tasks encountered over sequential time steps. Importantly, the learner is required to extend and update its knowledge without…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-16 Tameem Adel

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but such training typically demands substantial efforts in creating and annotating data. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hangfan Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Shicheng Liu , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

The vast number of parameters in large language models (LLMs) endows them with remarkable capabilities, allowing them to excel in a variety of natural language processing tasks. However, this complexity also presents challenges, making LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Mingzhe Du , Anh Tuan Luu , Bin Ji , See-kiong Ng

Continual learning--the ability to acquire, retain, and refine knowledge over time--has always been fundamental to intelligence, both human and artificial. Historically, different AI paradigms have acknowledged this need, albeit with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jack Bell , Luigi Quarantiello , Eric Nuertey Coleman , Lanpei Li , Malio Li , Mauro Madeddu , Elia Piccoli , Vincenzo Lomonaco

Large language models (LLMs) acquire most of their knowledge during pretraining, which ties them to a fixed snapshot of the world and makes adaptation to continuously evolving knowledge challenging. As facts, entities, and events change…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Hanbing Liu , Lang Cao , Yang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Continual learning refers to the capability of a machine learning model to learn and adapt to new information, without compromising its performance on previously learned tasks. Although several studies have investigated continual learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Jingrui Hou , Georgina Cosma , Axel Finke

This study investigates the machine unlearning techniques within the context of large language models (LLMs), referred to as \textit{LLM unlearning}. LLM unlearning offers a principled approach to removing the influence of undesirable data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiahui Geng , Qing Li , Herbert Woisetschlaeger , Zongxiong Chen , Fengyu Cai , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Fakhri Karray

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable information systems to learn from a continuous data stream across time. However, it is difficult for existing deep learning architectures to learn a new task without largely forgetting previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Magdalena Biesialska , Katarzyna Biesialska , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Continual learning (CL) is a learning paradigm that emulates the human capability of learning and accumulating knowledge continually without forgetting the previously learned knowledge and also transferring the learned knowledge to help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a wide range of language tasks. However, their reasoning process is primarily guided by statistical patterns in training data, which limits their ability to handle novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Hong Su

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language understanding but face challenges in adapting to dynamic real-world scenarios that require continuous integration of new knowledge and skills. While continual learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hongbo Zhao , Fei Zhu , Haiyang Guo , Meng Wang , Rundong Wang , Gaofeng Meng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Foundation models have transformed machine learning through large-scale pretraining and increased test-time compute. Despite surpassing human performance in several domains, these models remain fundamentally limited in continuous operation,…

Recent advancements in cognitive science and multi-round reasoning techniques for Large Language Models (LLMs) suggest that iterative thinking processes improve problem-solving performance in complex tasks. Inspired by this, approaches like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Chenhui Xu , Dancheng Liu , Jiajie Li , Amir Nassereldine , Zhaohui Li , Jinjun Xiong

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, improving them solely through human supervision is becoming increasingly costly and limited in scalability. As models approach human-level capabilities in certain domains, human feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Haoyan Yang , Mario Xerri , Solha Park , Huajian Zhang , Yiyang Feng , Sai Akhil Kogilathota , Jiawei Zhou