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We show in this work that reinforcement learning can be successfully applied to decoding short to moderate length sparse graph-based channel codes. Specifically, we focus on low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, which for example have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Salman Habib , Allison Beemer , Joerg Kliewer

The concept of generalized concatenated quantum codes (GCQC) provides a systematic way for constructing good quantum codes from short component codes. We introduce a stabilizer formalism for GCQCs, which is achieved by defining quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Yun-Jiang Wang , Bei Zeng , Markus Grassl , Barry C. Sanders

We explicitly construct a class of holographic quantum error correction codes with non-trivial centers in the code subalgebra. Specifically, we use the Bacon-Shor codes and perfect tensors to construct a gauge code (or a stabilizer code…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-02 ChunJun Cao , Brad Lackey

In this work we introduce two code families, which we call the heavy hexagon code and heavy square code. Both code families are implemented by assigning physical data and ancilla qubits to both vertices and edges of low degree graphs. Such…

We construct a family of quantum low-density parity-check codes locally equivalent to higher-dimensional quantum hypergraph-product (QHP) codes. Similarly to QHP codes, the proposed codes have highly redundant sets of low-weight stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Hsiang-Ku Lin , Pak Kau Lim , Alexey A. Kovalev , Leonid P. Pryadko

The performance of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) is known to be limited by the presence of certain sub-graphs that exist in the Tanner graph representation of the code, for example trapping sets…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Homayoon Hatami , David G. M. Mitchell , Daniel J. Costello , Thomas E. Fuja

Quantum code surgery offers a flexible, low-overhead framework for executing logical measurements within quantum error-correcting codes. It encompasses several fault-tolerant logical computation schemes, including parallel surgery,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Andrew C. Yuan , Alexander Cowtan , Zhiyang He , Ting-Chun Lin , Dominic J. Williamson

We use the recently introduced lifted product to construct a family of Quantum Low Density Parity Check Codes (QLDPC codes). The codes we obtain can be viewed as stacks of surface codes that are interconnected, leading to the name…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Josias Old , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Staircase codes (SCCs) are typically decoded using iterative bounded-distance decoding (BDD) and hard decisions. In this paper, a novel decoding algorithm is proposed, which partially uses soft information from the channel. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Yi Lei , Bin Chen , Gabriele Liga , Xiong Deng , Zizheng Cao , Jianqiang Li , Kun Xu , Alex Alvarado

The design of decoding algorithms is a significant technological component in the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers. Often design of quantum decoders is inspired by classical decoding algorithms, but there are no general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Armanda O. Quintavalle , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum error correction is indispensable to achieving reliable quantum computation. When quantum information is encoded redundantly, a larger Hilbert space is constructed using multiple physical qubits, and the computation is performed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Hoshitaro Ohnishi , Hideo Mukai

We propose a systematic scheme for the construction of graphs associated with binary stabilizer codes. The scheme is characterized by three main steps: first, the stabilizer code is realized as a codeword-stabilized (CWS) quantum code;…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-11 Carlo Cafaro , Damian Markham , Peter van Loock

Simulation of stabilizer circuits is a well-studied problem in quantum information processing, with a number of highly optimized algorithms available. Yet, we argue that further improvements can arise from the theoretical structure of…

A quantum stabilizer code over GF$(q)$ corresponds to a classical additive code over GF$(q^2)$ that is self-orthogonal with respect to a symplectic inner product. We study the decoding of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ching-Yi Lai , Kao-Yueh Kuo

We introduce a flexible and graphically intuitive framework that constructs complex quantum error correction codes from simple codes or states, generalizing code concatenation. More specifically, we represent the complex code constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-13 ChunJun Cao , Brad Lackey

In this paper, we present a novel log-log domain sum-product algorithm (SPA) for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems. This algorithm reduces the fractional bit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Erdem Eray Cil , Laurent Schmalen

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been the subject of much interest due to the fact that they can perform near the Shannon limit. In this paper we present a construction of LDPC codes from cubic symmetric graphs. The constructed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Dean Crnkovic , Sanja Rukavina , Marina Simac

Efficiently realizing logical operations on general stabilizer codes remains a long-standing challenge in fault tolerant quantum computing. While code surgery provides a general framework with provable guarantees by joint logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Junyu Zhou , Ali Javadi-Abhari , Gushu Li

Given that quantum error correction processes are unreliable, an efficient error syndrome extraction circuit should use fewer ancillary qubits, quantum gates, and measurements, while maintaining low circuit depth, to minimizing the circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Pei-Hao Liou , Ching-Yi Lai

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among these, bivariate bicycle (BB) codes offer superior encoding rates and large code distance compared to surface codes.…